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MedSurg wat da hek > Fluids and Electrolytes > Flashcards

Fluids and Electrolytes Flashcards

1
Q

The maintenance of the body’s internal environment within a narrow range of normal values

A

Homeostasis

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2
Q

a solution of solvent and solute

A

Fluids

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3
Q

a liquid substance where particles can be dissolved

A

Solvent

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4
Q

a substance, either dissolved or suspended in a solution

A

Solute

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5
Q

a homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances of dissimilar molecular structure

A

Solution

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6
Q

refers to any fluid produced by a living organism.

A

Body Fluids

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7
Q

is the fluid within cells

A

intracellular fluid

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8
Q

fluid outside the cells

A

extracellular fluid

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9
Q

fluid component of the blood

A

plasma

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10
Q

is part of the extracellular fluid (ECF) between the cells not in the
blood

A

interstitial

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11
Q

refers to the concentration of particles in a solution

A

Tonicity

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12
Q

Same as plasma

A

Isotonic

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13
Q

have a lesser or lowers solute concentration than plasma

A

Hypotonic

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14
Q

higher or greater concentration of solutes

A

Hypertonic

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15
Q

the weight in grams of a substance producing an osmotic pressure of 22.4 atm. when dissolved in 1.0 litre of solution

A

Osmole

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16
Q

the number of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent

A

Osmolality

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17
Q

the number of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent

A

Osmolarity

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18
Q

the number of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent

A

Mole

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19
Q

the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent

A

Molality

20
Q

is the number of moles of solute per litre of solution

A

Molarity

21
Q

This is the movement of water/liquid/solvent across a semi-permeable membrane from a lesserconcentration to a higher concentration

A

Osmosis

22
Q

The movement of particles/solutes/molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of a lower concentration

A

Diffusion

23
Q

“Brownian movement” or “downhill movement”

A

Diffusion

24
Q

This is the movement of BOTH solute and solvent together across a membrane from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure

A

Filtration

25
Q

Process where substances/solutes move from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration with utilization of ENERGY

A

Active Transport

26
Q

“uphill movement”

A

Active Transport

27
Q

Energy is obtained directly from the breakdown of ATP

A

Primarily Active Transport

28
Q

Energy is derived secondarily from stored energy in the form of ionic concentration difference between two sides of the membrane.

A

Secondary Active Transport

29
Q

This system regulates sodium and water balance in the ECF

A

Renal Regulation (RAS)

30
Q

This is the loss of extra cellular fluid volume that exceeds the intake of fluid. The loss of water and electrolyte is in equal proportion.

A

Fluid Volume Deficit or Hypovolemia

31
Q

Refers to the isotonic expansion of the ECF caused by the abnormal retention of water and sodium

A

Fluid Volume Excess or Hypervolemia

32
Q

are charged ions capable of conducting electricity and are solutes found in all body compartments.

A

Electrolytes

33
Q

positively charged ions; examples are sodium, potassium, calcium

A

CATIONS

34
Q

negatively charged ions; examples are chloride and phosphates

A

ANIONS

35
Q

major ICF cation

A

potassium

36
Q

major ICF anion

A

phosphates

37
Q

major ECF cation

A

sodium

38
Q

major ECF anion

A

chloride

39
Q

Refers to a Sodium serum level of less than 135 mEq/L. This may result from excessive sodium lossor excessive water gain.

A

Sodium Deficit: Hyponatremia

40
Q

Serum Sodium level is higher than 145 mEq/L

A

Sodium Excess: Hypernatremia

41
Q

Condition when the serum concentration of potassium is less than 3.5 mEq/L

A

Potassium Deficit: Hypokalemia

42
Q

Serum potassium greater than 5.5 mEq/L

A

Potassium Excess: Hyperkalemia

43
Q

Present in both ICF and ECF

A

bicarbonates

44
Q

A base bicarbonate excess

A

A base bicarbonate excess

45
Q

A base bicarbonate deficit

A

Metabolic Acidosis

46
Q

A deficit of carbonic acid caused by hyperventilation

A

Respiratory Alkalosis

MedSurg wat da hek (7 decks)

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