Fluids Flashcards
What do crystalloids contain?
Electrolytes dissolved in water
Where do crystalloids go in the body?
In the extracellular fluid and the blood stream
Give examples of crystalloid fluid
Normal saline
Hartmann’s
Ringer’s
Glucose
Give examples of colloids
Gelofusine
Starch solutions
Blood products
What do colloids contain?
Large molecules suspended in a solution
Where do colloids go in the body?
Mainly just in the blood stream and intravascular space
What pressure do colloids exert?
Osmotic pressure
When a colloids used?
When patients need rapid increase in their circulating volume
What is the aim for giving fluids, physiologically?
Increase the end-diastolic/preload volume so the stroke volume increases
What is a sign that fluids are making a improvement?
Improvement in mental status
What is the difference between autologous and allogeneic blood?
Autologous blood is the collection and re-infusion of patient’s own blood, so is cell salvage.
Allogenic blood is compatible donor blood
What is FFP?
Fresh Frozen Plasma
Basically just all the good stuff of blood - clotting factors etc
What is TACO?
Transfusion Associated Circulatory Overload
This is circulatory overload of the body fluid, causing heart failure and pulmonary oedema.
What is TRALI?
Transfusion associated lung injury -
basically the lungs don’t like it, no one knows why, but they go into respiratory distress and results in non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema due to leaky capillaries
