Fluids

Question 1

density (p)

Answer 1

p=m/V

Question 2

density of water

Answer 2

1 g/cm^3 or 100 kg/m^3

Question 3

Buoyancy (Fg)

Answer 3

Fg=pVg

Question 4

specific gravity (SG)

Answer 4

p/1g/cm^3

Question 5

pressure(P)

Answer 5

P=F/A

Question 6

pascal

Answer 6

unit of pressure

1 N/m^2

Question 7

presssure unit conversions

Answer 7

1.013E5 Pa=760mmHg=760 torr=1 atm

Question 8

Absolute pressure

Answer 8

P=Po+pgz
Po=presssure at surface
z=depth

Question 9

gauge pressure

Answer 9

Pgauge=(Po+pgz)-Patm

Question 10

Pascals principle

Answer 10

P=(F1/A1)=(F2/A2)

Question 11

archimedes principle

Answer 11

Fbuoy=(pfluid)(Vdisplacedfluid)(g)=(pfluid)(Vsubmerged)(g)

Question 12

viscosity

Answer 12

resistance of a fluid to flow

Question 13

viscous drag

Answer 13

increased with increased viscosity; air resistance

Question 14

inviscid

Answer 14

no viscosity

Question 15

laminar flow

Answer 15

layers of fluid that flow parallel to each other

Question 16

Poiseuille’s law

Answer 16

Q=(pi)r^4ΔP/(8nL)
Q=flow rate
n=viscosity

Question 17

turbulent flow

Answer 17

rough and disorderly

Question 18

eddies

Answer 18

swirls of fluid of varying size occurring typically on the downstream side of an obstacle

Question 19

critical speed

Answer 19

turbulence can arise when the speed of fluid exceeds this speed

Question 20

boundary layer

Answer 20

when critical speed is exceeded, fluid demonstrates complex flow patterns and laminar flow occurs only in thin layer of fluid adjacent to the wall

Question 21

critical speed calculation (vc)

Answer 21

vc=Nn/pD
N=constant called reynolds number
n= viscosity of the fluid
p= density

Question 22

streamline

Answer 22

indicate pathway follows by tiny fluid elements

Question 23

flow rate

Answer 23

constant for closed system; volume/time

Question 24

linear speed

Answer 24

measure of linear displacement of fluid particles in a given amount of time

Question 25

continuity equation

Answer 25

Q=v1A1=v2A2
Q=flow rate
v=linear speed
A=areas

Question 26

Bernoulli’s equation

Answer 26

(P+1/2pv^2+pgh)1=(P+1/2pv^2+pgh)2