Fluids

Question 1

Osmosis

Answer 1

Movement of water through a semi-permeable membrane into another compartment

Question 2

Hydrostatic Pressure

Answer 2

the pressure exerted by a fluid at rest due to the force of gravity
Causes Edema

Question 3

Fluid Volume Deficit

Answer 3

Too little fluid

Question 4

Volume Deficit

Answer 4

Too little body fluid
Etiology (Cause)
Removal of a sodium-containing fluid from the extracellular compartment
GI excretion (vomiting and diarrhea)
Renal excretion
Other losses
In some instances, fluid is sequestered in a “third space” in the body, outside the extracellular compartment (ascites).

Question 5

Fluid Volume Deficit Clinical Manifestations

Answer 5

Sudden weight loss
Postural blood pressure decrease with concurrent increased heart rate (orthostatic BP
Flat neck veins (or veins collapsing with inspiration) when a patient is supine
Hard stools

Question 6

Dehydration

Answer 6

a harmful reduction in the amount of water in the body.
High sodium/tonicity, low water

Question 7

Fluid Volume Overload Clinical Manifestations

Answer 7

Crackles in lungs
Weight gain
Bounding Pulses
Neck veins distended when standing

Question 8

Extracellular Fluid Contains Higher Concentrations of

Answer 8

Sodium and Chloride

Question 9

Intracellular Fluid Contains Higher Concentrations of

Answer 9

Potassium and Magnesium

Question 10

Fluid Excretion

Answer 10

Urination (#1 Method)-biggest fluid loss through urinary tract
Sweating
Diarrhea
Exhalation

Question 11

Hypertonic Solution

Answer 11

Will cause water to move to the extracellular spaces

Question 12

Hypotonic Solution

Answer 12

Will cause water to move into the cell.

Question 13

Isotonic Solution

Answer 13

Stasis or balance state