Cells Flashcards
Houses genetic material whereby genetic information guides the cell’s structure, function, and replication
Nucleus
UPS packing and shipping Center after they have been made in the endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi Comlex
famous for making stuff, rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes on it responsible for protein production
Endoplasmic reticulum
Gobbles up (digests) things engulfed by the cell as well as old organelles, like a recycling center
Lysosome
Cell Eating
Phagocytosis
Cell Drinking
Pinocytosis
Interestingly, Exocytosis
process for moving large molecules out of the cell to the cell exterior
Mitosis-division
resulting in identical daughter cells and should have the same number of chromosomes as the original.
Meiosis-division
resulting in daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes
Endoplasmic reticulum
Houses ribosomes
Some protein made here
Some lipids made here
Ribosomes
Protein production
Nucleus
is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Inside its fully enclosed nuclear membrane, it contains the majority of the cell’s genetic material. This material is organized as DNA molecules, along with a variety of proteins, to form chromosomes.
Phospholipid Bilayer
Lipid bilayer
Loves water on the outside.
Inner layer loves itself (lipid)
Semi-Permeable: Some lipids and water can go through it.
Electrolytes can’t go through without a door
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell
Where most of the energy (ATP form) is made
organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur
When energy is made, aerobic is most productive and anaerobic is only in states of low oxygen.
BI-products of energy production:
Aerobic: CO2
Anaerobic: lactic acid
ATP
Energy currency of the cell/body
Adenosine triphosphate
Preferably: made with glucose, in the presence of oxygen (aerobic).
Diffusion of electrolytes across a membrane
Facilitated (Passive)
Active (Spend $$$$$$ ATP)
Membrane Channel Proteins
Allows the transport of a specific substance across a cell membrane.
ATP-Driven Pumps
Move things AGAINST a concentration gradient across a cell membrane, requiring energy
This means ATP is “spent” and comes out as ADP+P (like getting change); the hydrolysis of ATP is that process
These pumps “cost” ATP, like your soda costs $1.75
ACTIVE TRANSPORT: from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
Epithelial Tissue
Tightly packed cells forming a barrier
Cell make up tissue, tissue makes up organs, organs make organ systems which makes the person