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8-1 Tests, Quizzes, Check-Ins & Unit Tests > Fluids > Flashcards

Fluids Flashcards

1
Q

What Two States of Matter Can Be Fluids

A

Liquids, Gas and Ice (See Later Slides)

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2
Q

Why does a baby need more water than an adult

A

They Have an adult, and their kidneys are not as developed so they need more to avoid dehydration

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3
Q

Matter takes up ___, and has ___

A

Takes up Space, and Has Weight

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4
Q

Mass is

A

Weight

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5
Q

Volume is

A

The area of 3D, amount of space a things takes up

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6
Q

Particle Theory Of Matter: All Matter is Made Up Of

A

Particles

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7
Q

Particle Theory of Matter: Particles have ___ in between them

A

Space

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8
Q

PTOM: Particles move ________

A

Randomly all the time

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9
Q

PTOM: Particles ____________________________ when heated

A

Move faster and spread apart

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10
Q

PTOM: Particles _____ each other

A

attract

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11
Q

PTOM: All particles in a pure substance are

A

identical

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12
Q

Describe particles in a solid

A

Closer together, with stronger attraction

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13
Q

Describe particles in a Liquid

A

Spread apart, Take shape of container

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14
Q

Describe particles in a Gas

A

Free Flowing, because they are more spread out

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15
Q

All particles have forces of ______ between them

A

Attraction

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16
Q

There are greater _______ between particles in a liquid than a solid

A

spaces

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17
Q

The shape of a liquid is determined by

A

the shape of the container

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18
Q

When the temperature of a substance increases, the volume

A

increases

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19
Q

When the temperature of a substance decreases, the volume

A

decreases

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20
Q

What is laminar flow

A

A smooth Pattern of flow

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21
Q

What is turbulent flow

A

Irregular, mixing pattern of flow, unpredictable

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22
Q

What is an eddy

A

an area of slwer moving fluid which occurs behind an obstacle

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23
Q

Is ice in glaciers fluid

A

Yes

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24
Q

Define streamlined

A

A smooth shape designed to decrease resistance to flow

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25
Q

All Fluids: (4 answers)

A

Are made of particles
Are matter
Can flow
Have NO definite shape

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26
Q

Particles in a fluid are not as ____ as in a solid

A

compact or tight

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27
Q

Pros (1) Cons (1), laminar flow

A

P: predictable
C: sensitive to disturbances, can easily become turbulent

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28
Q

Pros (1), Cons (1), Turbular flow

A

P: good at mixing fluids
C: Unpredictable

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29
Q

Flow Rate Definition

A

Flow rate measures the speed at which a fluid flows from one point to another

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30
Q

Definition Viscosity

A

How easily particles slide past each other. The tickness or thiness of fluids is a property called viscosity. Viscosity is the resistance of fluids to flow.

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31
Q

Definition Cohesion

A

Measure of particle attraction

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32
Q

Definition surface tension

A

attraction of particles on the surface

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33
Q

Definition Adhesion

A

Attraction of particles of one substance to another

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34
Q

Viscosity affects the ______ of a fluid

A

Flow Rate

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35
Q

What is a wetting agent

A

A wetting agent uses viscosity to make the water disperse easier

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36
Q

If a fluid has a lower viscosity is if faster or slower

A

Faster

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37
Q

A fluid that is viscous is NOT

A

Runny

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38
Q

Internal friction definition

A

When particles in a substance have trouble moving past each other

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39
Q

If the temperature of a liquid increases, the viscosity _____ making the fluid _____

A

the viscosity decreases, making the liquid faster

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40
Q

If the temperature of a liquid decreases, the viscosity _____ making the fluid _____

A

the viscosity increases, making the liquid slower

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41
Q

If the temperature of a gas increases, the viscosity _____ making the fluid _____

A

the viscosity increases, making the gas slower

42
Q

If the temperature of a gas decreases, the viscosity _____ making the fluid _____

A

the viscosity decreases, making the gas faster

43
Q

Definition of Density

A

Compactness of particles, amount of mass contained in a given volume

44
Q

Density can be affected by ____

A

Temperature

45
Q

Density differs based on ______

A

Substance

46
Q

Hot water _____, cold water ____

A

hot water rises, cold water sinks

47
Q

Density depends on

A

Space between particles

48
Q

If something is more dense than the fluid it’s in it will

A

sink

49
Q

______ has density

A

Everything

50
Q

How do you calculate density

A

Mass divided by volume

51
Q

What are the measurements for density Liquid

A

Grams and milliliters

52
Q

What are the measurements for density Solid

A

Grams/Cm3 (cubed)

53
Q

What are the measurements for density Gasses

A

Kilograms/Liter

54
Q

Something with a gentler slope than the fluid it’s in will ___

A

float

55
Q

Something with a gentler slope means it is

A

Less Steep

56
Q

Lower density makes something

A

Float

57
Q

True or False: Cold water floats on warm water because it has a lower density

A

False

58
Q

True or False: A substance can have different densities depending on temperature

A

True

59
Q

True or False: As a substance warms the particles move farther and faster apart. This causes the volume to increas but the number of particles stays the same

A

True

60
Q

With the same number of particles in a larger volume density goes down

A

True

61
Q

A substance genrally has a lesser density in solid than liquid and gas

A

False

62
Q

Which will sink in water: Wood, gasoline, aluminum, or rubbing alchohol

A

Aluminum

63
Q

True or false: If the density of a substance is greater than the density of the fluid than the substance will sink

A

True

64
Q

True or False: If the density of a substance is lower than the density of the fluid than the substance will float

A

True

65
Q

True or False: If the density of a substance is the very same as the density of the fluid the substance will “hover” in place

A

True

66
Q

True or False: If the density of a substance is the very same temperature has no effect on its density in other fluids

A

False

67
Q

Force Definition
How is force measured

A

Force push or pull on objects. Newtons

68
Q

Buoyancy Definition

A

Since gravity pulls down, buoyancy is the upward force that keeps things a float in liquids.

69
Q

An object will float in a fluid if

A

Density is lower than the fluid. Buoyant force is pushing upwards pulling than gravity pushes down

70
Q

An object will sink in a fluid if

A

Density is higher than the density of the fluid. Buoyant force pushing upwards, is less than gravity pulling down.

71
Q

If the density of fluid is equal, and gravity and bouyancy is equal the substance will

A

Float

72
Q

The water displaced is equal to the

A

volume of the object added to the water

73
Q

Density of water

A

1.0 g/ml

74
Q

Buoyancy is equal to

A

the force of the weight displaced

75
Q

The amount an object weighs affects the

A

Amount of gravitational force (heavier=more)

76
Q

Which is denser steel or water

A

Steel

77
Q

Why can a steel ship float

A

The ship can float when it displaces water equal to it’s weight. The ship is not made of solid steel, and has air; which is less dense then water. The ship is also buoyant. Because gravity is equal to the buoyancy the ship can stay afloat.

78
Q

Displacement Definition

A

How much a fluid rises when and object is placed in it

79
Q

What does the Archimedes principle do? Why is this helpful?

A

It allows you to find out density without volume. Which is useful because it is hard to calculate the volume of many objects.

80
Q

JOKE: (GREAT STUDYING, MARK THIS CARD AS A 5 SO YOU WON’T HAVE TO KEEP STUDYING IT) Did you hear about the rancher who had 97 cows in his field

A

He rounded them up. He Had 100!

81
Q

JOKE: (GREAT STUDYING, MARK THIS CARD AS A 5 SO YOU WON’T HAVE TO KEEP STUDYING IT) What did the fish say when it swam into the wall?

A

Dam!

82
Q

What is a force

A

Push and pull force on a n object

83
Q

What does the hull or haul of the boat do to keep it afloat? If the hull cracks what happens

A

It is wider to displace the maximum amount of water. The ship sinks

84
Q

Explain the Colorful Bubbles Experiment?

A

Food coloring is a sd dense as water so it sank and dispersed when added second. When added after the oil it has to break through the barrier, then it quickly dispesed.

85
Q

Explain the Dancing Raisins Experiment?

A

The Co2 in the club soda carried the raisins to the top. ANd the grooves allowed them to fill with water so the could float.

86
Q

Explain the Floating Egg Experiment?

A

Salt water is more buoyant than fresh water, so when the salt was added there was more buoyancy so the egg could float.

87
Q

Explain fish swim bladders

A

The swim bladder fills with air to rise, and releases the air to sink. It helps the fish make quick depth changes.

88
Q

Explain how sharks and fish without swim bladders move up and down

A

Sharks: Have an oily liver which helps them float because oil is less dense than water. SHARKS MUST BE SWIMMING AT ALL TIMES SO THEY DON’T SINK!

Other Fish: Use pectoral fins and upwards motion. More tail movement=float, less=sink.

89
Q

Explain how submarines rise and sink

A

Take in water sink, blow out water rise.

90
Q

Pressure definition? Pressure changes when there is a change in ____ or ___?

A

amount of force applied to given area. Depth or Altitude.

91
Q

Talk about the Earth in terms of pressure

A

THere is more room in the atmosphere so it is less dense, there is less pressure.

Deeper like water has more pressure.

92
Q

What part of the body is affected by pressure? If a fluid is allowed to flow it goes where? Pressure is exerted by what all the time?

A

The middle ear. It goes from high pressure to low pressure (balloon). Air.

93
Q

What is a Plimsoll Line

A

SHows how heavy it can be when loaded in water. So you can’t go deeper than the line.

94
Q

If there is an increase in temperature and the volume can’t change what will happen

A

pressure will build until a possible explosion

95
Q

When temperature increases air pressure

A

decreases

96
Q

When the temperature increases particles

A

move faster and strike walls with more energy

97
Q

As an object responds to pressure it is? What happens when something is under compression?

A

Under Compression. It deforms

98
Q

There is more compression in ___ than ____. Why?

A

more in gas than liquid. There is very little compression in liquids.

Gas is more compressible than liquids. Both gases and liquids are made of particles. There is move space between gas particles so they can be pushed closer together.

99
Q

Describe hydraulics

A

Closed pressurized system using liquids.

100
Q

What does a hydraulic need? Compare to circulatory system?

A

Need: valve, pump, hydraulic fluid
Heart=pump
veins=valves
Blood=hydraulic fluid

101
Q

What is a pneumatic system? What Does it Need?

A

A closed pressurized system using gasses
Need: Pump, syringe, pneumatic fluid

102
Q

How does a syringe work?

A

Syringe create negative pressure.

8-1 Tests, Quizzes, Check-Ins & Unit Tests (6 decks)

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