Fluid Therapy

Question 1

• What are the two types of fluid loss?

Answer 1

Primary water loss & mixed water and electrolyte loss

Question 2

• What can be used to assess a patient’s perfusion and hydration status?

Answer 2

Pulse quality, CRT, heart rate, demeanour, eye position, mucous membranes, blood pressure, skin tent

Question 3

• What is the daily maintenance rate for an animal?

Answer 3

40-60ml/kg/day

Question 4

• What types of fluid are available?

Answer 4

Crystalloids (hypotonic, isotonic, hypertonic), colloids & blood products

Question 5

• What is an example of an isotonic crystalloid?

Answer 5

Lactated Ringer’s solution (LRS) aka Hartmann’s

Question 6

• If hypertonic fluid is administered what must be given immediately after?

Answer 6

Isotonic fluid

Question 7

• When are colloids used?

Answer 7

When support of circulating blood volume is needed

Question 8

• What veins can be used to administer fluids?

Answer 8

Cephalic, saphenous, jugular, auricular, lateral thoracic

Question 9

• In cases of acute fluid loss how much should be replaced over the first 1-2 hours?

Answer 9

½ total deficit