Fluid/electrolytes Flashcards
This category of vitamins are metabolized SLOWLY, stored in fatty tissue and muscle; excreted SLOWLY in the urine:
FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINES: A, D, E, K
This category of vitamins are NOT stored in the body, readily secreted in the urine, minimal protein binding:
WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINES: B1, B2, B3, B6, B12, FOLIC ACIDE (FLOLATE), C
This vitamine is required for development/maintenance of EYES/gume/teeth/skin/hair; NEEDED FOR FAT METABOLISM:
A
A pt shows S/S of dry skin, poor teeth development, NIGHT BLINDNESS. This pt is deficit in:
A
This vitamin promotes USE OF PHOSPHORUS AND CALCIUM; important for stron teeth and bones:
D
You have a mother and child come in and the mother has osteomylitis and her child has rickets. They are deficit in:
D
This vitamin PROTECTS FATTY ACIDS, PROMOTES FUNCTION OF RBCs/MUSCLE/TISSUES (MAY PROLONG PT TIME AND SHOULD BE CONSIDERED WITH IRON):
E (iron interferes with E absorption=don’t take together)
This vitamine is ESSENTIAL FOR CLOTTING:
K
What vitamin is given if a pt’s overdosed on coumadin:
K
The pt has an increased clotting time which will later lead to hemorrhage and bleeding. The pt is deficit in what:
K
These vitamines promote a sense of well being/increased energy/decreased anger. These vitamins are known as the:
Vitamin B complex
This vitamin is commonly used for EtOH pts, helps to convert carbs into energy:
Thiamine (B1)
Your pt has memory loss and confusion. The MD dx him as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrom d/t Beriberi. This pt lacks what:
Thiamine (B1)
This vitamin is given to pts to manage MIGRAINES, dermatologic problems.
Riboflavin (B2)
This vitamin is given to pts with PELLAGRA (DRY,FLAKEY SKIN), HYPERLIPIDEMIA.
Niacin (B3)
This vitamin is usually given to pts taking INH; ALLEVIATES NEURITIS; building block for nucleic acids/RBCs/Hgb:
Pyridoxine (B6)
What vitamin is given to neonates for SZ:
pyridoxine (B6)
What is the normal dose of vitamine C on the floor:
500 mg
This vitamin aids in the ABSORPTION OF IRON/FOLIC ACID; collagen/lipid synthesis; carb metabolism:
C
This vitamin is given to increase wound healing, burns, integrity of bld vessels, scurvy:
C
What term defines the massive doses of vitamins, can casue toxicity, results in minimal desired effect:
megavitamin therapy
How is megavitamin therapy D/C:
gradually to prevent vitamin deficiency
This vitamin is needed for baby growth d/t synthesizing DNA:
folic acid (folate)
It’s been about 4 mo since you last seen your pt. You notice that your pt is anorexic, N/V/D, and alopecia. Your pt may be deficit in what vitamin:
folic acid (folate-takes 2-4mo to notice S/S)
What is the amount of folic acid (folate) that mothers are to take and what could occur if the mother is deficit:
400 mcg; spinabifida/anencephaly (lack of brain mass)
This vitamin aids in the conversion of folic acid to promote cellular division, DNA synthesis, hematopoiesis/maintains nervous system:
B12
B12 deficiencies are seen commonly in what type of pts and what’s the antidote:
vegans/GI disorders; cyanocobalamin
This mineral is VITAL FOR HGB REGENERATION; given primarily to correct anemais:
iron (ferrous sulfate)
What is the prophylactic dose of ferrous sulfate:
300-325 mg
What is the therpeutic dose of ferrous sulfate:
600-1200 mg
What are the changes in stool would you expect if a pt is taking iron:
black/drk green
What may occur if you take Abx, anti acids with ferrous sulfate:
decreases absorption of ferous sulfate
What may occur if I take vitamin C with iron:
Vitamine C increases absorption of ferrous sulfate
What are some pt teachings about ferrous sulfate:
increase fluids/activity/bulk foods, use straw if taking liquid form to avoid staining teeth, changes in stool color
Genetic default that affects the way iron is absorbed is defined as:
primary hemochromatosis
A disease or blood transfusion that causes iron overload is defined as:
secondary hemochromatosis
Your pt has hematemesis, shock/coma, gi blled, N/V/D. He is sowing s/s of what type of toxicity and what should he be given as an antidote:
ferrous sulfate; deferoxamine
This mineral produces neurotransmitters norepi, dopamine; needed for RBCs and CT:
copper
You see a pt with a halo around the pupil. He is dx with wilson’s disease caused by:
excessive copper amount
Your pt presents with anemia, decreased WBC count, glucose intolerance, and decreased skin/hair pigmentation. He is deficit in what mineral:
Copper deficit
This pt is receiving long-term TPN. He may be dieficit in what mineral:
Zinc
This mineral is IMPORTANT FOR TISSUE REPAIR AND WOUND HEALING; often used to tx the common cold:
zinc
If I take zinc and abx, what may occur:
zinc decreases absorption of abx
Your pt is deficit in copper, decreased HDLs, and has a weekend immune system. This pt has what type of mineral imbalance:
lrg doses of zinc
This mineral is IMPORTANT FOR CONTROLLING DM, PROMOTES WEIGHT LOSS/MUSCLE BUILDING:
Chromium (check glucose levels)
This mineral has an antiCA effect and works with vitamine E to protect from oxidation:
selenium
A drug that’s used to decrease the toxicity of minerals is defined as:
chelating agent
What chelating agent would I give to treat wilson’s disease:
penicillamine
What chelating agent would I use to treat lead posioning:
succimer
What chelating agent would I use to treat arsenic poisoning:
BAL (british anti-lewsite)
What chelating agent would I use to treat excess iron:
deferoxamine
The nsg is reviewing labs and current meds. The nurse notes that the pt’s PT is prolonged. What vitamin may be contributing to it:
D
The pt c/o of hair loss and peeling skin. The pt states that he takes many vitamins to tx liver disease: What vitamin excess may cause this:
A
THe nurse routinely includes health teaching about vitamins. Vitamin plays a major role in what:
Regulating Calcium and phosphorus metabolisim
The nurse is doing preconception counseling with a pt. Folic acid is included in the teaching b/c it is known to prevent CNS anomalities and may ofer protection of what disorder: A)colorectal CA, B) DM, C) celiac disease, D) migraines:
A: colorectal CA
