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pharm final > Fluid/electrolytes > Flashcards

Fluid/electrolytes Flashcards

1
Q

This category of vitamins are metabolized SLOWLY, stored in fatty tissue and muscle; excreted SLOWLY in the urine:

A

FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINES: A, D, E, K

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2
Q

This category of vitamins are NOT stored in the body, readily secreted in the urine, minimal protein binding:

A

WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINES: B1, B2, B3, B6, B12, FOLIC ACIDE (FLOLATE), C

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3
Q

This vitamine is required for development/maintenance of EYES/gume/teeth/skin/hair; NEEDED FOR FAT METABOLISM:

A

A

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4
Q

A pt shows S/S of dry skin, poor teeth development, NIGHT BLINDNESS. This pt is deficit in:

A

A

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5
Q

This vitamin promotes USE OF PHOSPHORUS AND CALCIUM; important for stron teeth and bones:

A

D

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6
Q

You have a mother and child come in and the mother has osteomylitis and her child has rickets. They are deficit in:

A

D

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7
Q

This vitamin PROTECTS FATTY ACIDS, PROMOTES FUNCTION OF RBCs/MUSCLE/TISSUES (MAY PROLONG PT TIME AND SHOULD BE CONSIDERED WITH IRON):

A

E (iron interferes with E absorption=don’t take together)

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8
Q

This vitamine is ESSENTIAL FOR CLOTTING:

A

K

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9
Q

What vitamin is given if a pt’s overdosed on coumadin:

A

K

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10
Q

The pt has an increased clotting time which will later lead to hemorrhage and bleeding. The pt is deficit in what:

A

K

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11
Q

These vitamines promote a sense of well being/increased energy/decreased anger. These vitamins are known as the:

A

Vitamin B complex

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12
Q

This vitamin is commonly used for EtOH pts, helps to convert carbs into energy:

A

Thiamine (B1)

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13
Q

Your pt has memory loss and confusion. The MD dx him as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrom d/t Beriberi. This pt lacks what:

A

Thiamine (B1)

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14
Q

This vitamin is given to pts to manage MIGRAINES, dermatologic problems.

A

Riboflavin (B2)

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15
Q

This vitamin is given to pts with PELLAGRA (DRY,FLAKEY SKIN), HYPERLIPIDEMIA.

A

Niacin (B3)

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16
Q

This vitamin is usually given to pts taking INH; ALLEVIATES NEURITIS; building block for nucleic acids/RBCs/Hgb:

A

Pyridoxine (B6)

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17
Q

What vitamin is given to neonates for SZ:

A

pyridoxine (B6)

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18
Q

What is the normal dose of vitamine C on the floor:

A

500 mg

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19
Q

This vitamin aids in the ABSORPTION OF IRON/FOLIC ACID; collagen/lipid synthesis; carb metabolism:

A

C

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20
Q

This vitamin is given to increase wound healing, burns, integrity of bld vessels, scurvy:

A

C

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21
Q

What term defines the massive doses of vitamins, can casue toxicity, results in minimal desired effect:

A

megavitamin therapy

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22
Q

How is megavitamin therapy D/C:

A

gradually to prevent vitamin deficiency

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23
Q

This vitamin is needed for baby growth d/t synthesizing DNA:

A

folic acid (folate)

24
Q

It’s been about 4 mo since you last seen your pt. You notice that your pt is anorexic, N/V/D, and alopecia. Your pt may be deficit in what vitamin:

A

folic acid (folate-takes 2-4mo to notice S/S)

25
Q

What is the amount of folic acid (folate) that mothers are to take and what could occur if the mother is deficit:

A

400 mcg; spinabifida/anencephaly (lack of brain mass)

26
Q

This vitamin aids in the conversion of folic acid to promote cellular division, DNA synthesis, hematopoiesis/maintains nervous system:

A

B12

27
Q

B12 deficiencies are seen commonly in what type of pts and what’s the antidote:

A

vegans/GI disorders; cyanocobalamin

28
Q

This mineral is VITAL FOR HGB REGENERATION; given primarily to correct anemais:

A

iron (ferrous sulfate)

29
Q

What is the prophylactic dose of ferrous sulfate:

A

300-325 mg

30
Q

What is the therpeutic dose of ferrous sulfate:

A

600-1200 mg

31
Q

What are the changes in stool would you expect if a pt is taking iron:

A

black/drk green

32
Q

What may occur if you take Abx, anti acids with ferrous sulfate:

A

decreases absorption of ferous sulfate

33
Q

What may occur if I take vitamin C with iron:

A

Vitamine C increases absorption of ferrous sulfate

34
Q

What are some pt teachings about ferrous sulfate:

A

increase fluids/activity/bulk foods, use straw if taking liquid form to avoid staining teeth, changes in stool color

35
Q

Genetic default that affects the way iron is absorbed is defined as:

A

primary hemochromatosis

36
Q

A disease or blood transfusion that causes iron overload is defined as:

A

secondary hemochromatosis

37
Q

Your pt has hematemesis, shock/coma, gi blled, N/V/D. He is sowing s/s of what type of toxicity and what should he be given as an antidote:

A

ferrous sulfate; deferoxamine

38
Q

This mineral produces neurotransmitters norepi, dopamine; needed for RBCs and CT:

A

copper

39
Q

You see a pt with a halo around the pupil. He is dx with wilson’s disease caused by:

A

excessive copper amount

40
Q

Your pt presents with anemia, decreased WBC count, glucose intolerance, and decreased skin/hair pigmentation. He is deficit in what mineral:

A

Copper deficit

41
Q

This pt is receiving long-term TPN. He may be dieficit in what mineral:

A

Zinc

42
Q

This mineral is IMPORTANT FOR TISSUE REPAIR AND WOUND HEALING; often used to tx the common cold:

A

zinc

43
Q

If I take zinc and abx, what may occur:

A

zinc decreases absorption of abx

44
Q

Your pt is deficit in copper, decreased HDLs, and has a weekend immune system. This pt has what type of mineral imbalance:

A

lrg doses of zinc

45
Q

This mineral is IMPORTANT FOR CONTROLLING DM, PROMOTES WEIGHT LOSS/MUSCLE BUILDING:

A

Chromium (check glucose levels)

46
Q

This mineral has an antiCA effect and works with vitamine E to protect from oxidation:

A

selenium

47
Q

A drug that’s used to decrease the toxicity of minerals is defined as:

A

chelating agent

48
Q

What chelating agent would I give to treat wilson’s disease:

A

penicillamine

49
Q

What chelating agent would I use to treat lead posioning:

A

succimer

50
Q

What chelating agent would I use to treat arsenic poisoning:

A

BAL (british anti-lewsite)

51
Q

What chelating agent would I use to treat excess iron:

A

deferoxamine

52
Q

The nsg is reviewing labs and current meds. The nurse notes that the pt’s PT is prolonged. What vitamin may be contributing to it:

A

D

53
Q

The pt c/o of hair loss and peeling skin. The pt states that he takes many vitamins to tx liver disease: What vitamin excess may cause this:

A

A

54
Q

THe nurse routinely includes health teaching about vitamins. Vitamin plays a major role in what:

A

Regulating Calcium and phosphorus metabolisim

55
Q

The nurse is doing preconception counseling with a pt. Folic acid is included in the teaching b/c it is known to prevent CNS anomalities and may ofer protection of what disorder: A)colorectal CA, B) DM, C) celiac disease, D) migraines:

A

A: colorectal CA

56
Q
A

pharm final (5 decks)

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