Fluid Electrolytes

Question 1

Major determinant of resting membrane potential

Answer 1

ration of K cell and K in ECF

Question 2

most important in the regulation of K balance

Answer 2

Na K ATPase

Plasma K

Question 3

Increases activity of Na K ATPase

Answer 3

catecholamines and insulin

Question 4

Inhibits NaKATPase

Answer 4

Digitalis

Question 5

Increase in K for every unit 0.1 fall in pH

Answer 5

0.2 to 1.7 meq/L

Question 6

Increase in plasma K for every 10 mOsm/kg elevation in POsm (hypergly, hypernat, mannitol)

Answer 6

0.4 to 0.8 meq/L

Question 7

secretion of K to lumen

Answer 7

Distal nephron
principal cells CCT
cells in adjacent connecting segment
outer medillary collecting tubule

Question 8

K proximal tubile

Answer 8

passive transport

almost complete reabsorption

Question 9

K thick ascending LOH

Answer 9

Na K 2Cl carrier

Question 10

K absorption

Answer 10

intercalated cells in cortical and outer medillary collecting tubule
H K ATPase

Question 11

Major physiologic regulators of K secretion

Answer 11

Aldosterone

Plasma K

Question 12

Augments K secretion by Increasing the number of open Na K Channels in the luminal membrane and activity of Na K ATPase

Answer 12

Aldosterone

Question 13

Enhancr distal K secretion by increase number of luminal channels

Answer 13

ADH

Question 14

K in hypoaldosteronism vs hypoaldosteronism

Answer 14

Hyperkalemia

Hypokalemia (enhance urinary K loss)

Question 15

Decrease distal flow rate volume depletion: K secretion

Answer 15

Decrease K secretion, hyperkalemia

Question 16

extracellular pH and K

Answer 16

alkalemia: Hypokalemia (inc K secretion)
acidemia: Hyperkalemia (Dec K secretion)