fluid, electrolyte, and ph balance Flashcards
what are the components of intracellular fluids
the major cation is potassium and the major anion is hydrogen phosphate (HPO42-)
there are more proteins that plasma here
what are the components of extracellular fluids
the major cation is sodium and the major anion is chloride (Cl-)
there are more proteins here, with low chloride amounts in plasma
what effect does osmolarity and osmoality have on the movement of water in the body
what is the movement pattern of water, ions, nutrients, wastes, and gases between body compartments
what is the effect of increase/decreased osmolality on thirst and adh release
what is dehydration and does water move in our out of cells in this condition
what is water intoxication and does water move in or out of cells in this condition
what is edema and does water move in or out of cells in this condition
what is the importance of sodium when it comes to hydration, blood volume/pressure, and resting membrane potentials
what is the stimuli and effects of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system, what is its role in sodium level regulation
what is the stimuli of ANP and what is its effect on sodium levels in the body
what is the importance of potassium in in resting membrane potentials, neuron signaling, and ph balance
what 2 primary factors are responsible for increased/decreased potassium secretion
what is the importance of calcium in bone formation, neurotransmission, and muscle contraction
what effect does the parathyroid hormone have on calcitonin in calcium homeostasis
what is the importance of phosphate in bone formation and ph balance
what is the importance of chloride in the maintenance of osmotic pressure and ph balance
what the difference between acidosis and alkalosis
of the 3 main buffering systems, what order are they activated and what is the potency of each of them
how do weak acids and bases function as a buffer in the body
how do each of the chemical buffering systems function
how do resp. system buffers work against change in ph
what is the importance of bicarbonate in the buffering of the renal system
how do the functions of the resp. and renal system complement each other in the buffering process
what is resp acidosis and alkalosis and what causes each of them
what is metabolic acidosis and alkalosis and what causes each of them
