Fluid Concentrations Flashcards
Osmolality is measured in
MilliOsmols/kg
Osmolality is used to assess
Body’s state of water balance
High Osmolality =
Water deficit
low Osmolality
Water excess
What is the preferred measure to evaluate the concentration of plasma, urine, and other body fluids?
Osmolality
Osmolarity is measures in
MilliOsmols/L
Hypotonic
1/2 normal saline
Moving into cells like a hippo
cells will swell
Isotonic
Normal saline
-equal to - match (“I - so perfect”
Don’t need a change so doesn’t cause any change
Hypertonic
D5 normal saline
Hyper= energy; makes cells skinny; fluid pulled from cell
cells will shrink
The __________ system helps maintain fluid balance in the body
Lymphatic
Kidneys regulate
Fluid and electrolyte balance by adjusting urine volume and the excretion of electrolytes
If loss of 1-2% fluid,
Kidney reabsorbs more water = concentrated urine
ADH is produced
By hypothalamus and stored in pituitary
ADH restores blood volume by:
Reducing diuresis
Increasing water retention
Vasoconstricts
What is the medication form of ADH
Vasopressin (Desmopressin)
Aldosterone functions in the body
Water regulator
Causes kidneys to retain Na+ and water
Released if Na+ is low and K+ high
Where salt goes
Water follows
ANP stops action of
RAAS
ANP decreases
Blood pressure by vasodilation
ANP reduces fluid volume by
Increasing secretion of Na+ and water
ANP main function
To lower blood pressure and to control electrolyte homeostasis
BNP levels go up when
The heart cannot pump the way it should
Thirst is regulated by
The hypothalamus
Thirst is stimulated by
Increase in ECF and drying of mucous membranes
Thirst causes
A person to drink fluid
What depletes electrolytes?
VPPS
Vomiting, peeing, pooping, sweating
where fluids go —>
Electrolytes go
