Fluid Compartments of The Body

Question 1

Name the main fluid compartments and their sizes

Answer 1

IC - 23L (55%)
EC- 19L (45%)
-interstitial - 15L (36%)
-blood plasma - 3L (7%)
-transcellular - 1L (2%)

Question 2

What is the function of a barrier?

Answer 2

separate EC fluids by layers of cells that form junctions with each other

Question 3

define osmolarity

Answer 3

measure of the concentration fo all solutes in a solution without taking into account permeability

Question 4

define tonicity

Answer 4

defines the strength of a solution as it affects the final cell volume

Question 5

What does tonicity depend on?

Answer 5

cell membrane permeability and solution composition

Question 6

define hypertonic

Answer 6

osmolarity of impermeant solutes outside is greater than inside so cell shrinks

Question 7

define hypotonic

Answer 7

osmolarity of impermeant solutes outside is less than inside so cell swells

Question 8

define isotonic

Answer 8

osmolarity of impermeant solutes outside equal to in so cell volume unchanged

Question 9

How are body cells actively maintained?

Answer 9

permeable to water, concentration of impermeable solutes higher in cell
Na+ diffuses in and Na+ pump maintains concentration of Na+ lower on inside so no net movement

Question 10

What causes oedema?

Answer 10

pores in endothelial cell are larger so excess fluid loss and plasma proteins lost, HP greater than COP

Question 11

What is oedema?

Answer 11

swelling of tissue due to excess amount of IF as lymphatic drainage is less than vessel leakage

Question 12

What may cause oedema?

Answer 12

infection
inflammation
increased BP