Fluid and electrolyte management of the surgical patient Flashcards
TBW is divided into 3 fluid compartments:
plasma, interstitial fluid and intracellular fluid
Normal chemical composition of body fluid compartments is
ECF compartment is sodium the principal cation, and chloride and bicarbonate as anions.
ICF compartment is potassium and magnesium as cations, phosphate and sulfate as anions, and proteins.
Disorders in body fluid are classified into 3 categories
Volume, concentration and composition.
Explain RAS system
Its a hormone system that regulates bp, fluid and electrolyte balance.
When renal blood flow is reduced, juxtaglomerular cells in kydney convert precursor prorenin (present in the blood) into renin. Renin which is present in the blood, then converts angiotensin (released by the liver) into angiotensin I. Angiotensis I converts to angiotensin II by ACE. Angiotensin II is a powerful vasoconstrictor and also stimulates adrenal gland to secrete aldosterone, which increases reabsorption of water and sodium, while excreting potassium. All this increases blood pressure.
