Flowers Etc Flashcards
Annuals
Go through their whole life cycle from germination to death in one year
Biannuals
Go through their whole life cycle from germination to death in two growing cycles
Perennials
Go through their whole life cycle from germination to death in multiple years
Pedicles
A stem that connects a single flower to the infloresence
Calyx
Pistils
Carpels
Superior
A flower that has the ovary above the other flower parts
Inferior
Has the ovarys underneath all the flower parts
Seed
The unit of reproduction of a flowering plant
Inflorensces
Fruit
The plants reproductive body
Fleshy or dry ovary of a flowering plant, enclosing the seed
Exocarp
The outer epidermis of the pericarp
Endocarp
The inner epidermis of the pericarp
Mesocarp
The epidermis between the endo and exocarp
Pericarp
The ripened ovary wall
Simple fleshy Fruit
A fleshy fruit that derived from a single ovary
Carpel
One of the leaflike, seed bearing structures that constitute the innermost whorl of a flower
Drupe
A simple fleshy fruit that is derived from a single ovary of an individual flower
BErries
A simple fleshy fruit with many seeds
Pomes
Follicle
A dry fruit that is derived from a single carpel and opens on one side only to release its seed
Legume
The long seed pod of a leguminous plant
Siliques
the long, narrow seed pod of many plants of the cabbage family, splitting open when mature
Capsules
In botany, a capsule is a dehiscent fruit which, at maturity, split apart (dehisce) to release the seeds within.
Achene
achene, dry, one-seeded fruit lacking special seams that split to release the seed.
Nuts
A nut is a fruit consisting of a hard or tough nutshell protecting a kernel which is usually edible
Caryopsis
a dry one-seeded fruit in which the ovary wall is united with the seed coat, typical of grasses and cereals
Samaras
A samara is a winged achene, a type of fruit in which a flattened wing of fibrous, papery tissue develops from the ovary wall
(Ohrenkneifer)
Schizocarp
a dry fruit that, when mature, splits up into mericarps.
Aggregate Fruit
consist of several separate carpels of one apocarpous gynoecium (e.g., raspberries where each unit is a single carpel)
Multiple fruits
Multi-fruits, also called collective fruits, are fruiting bodies formed from a cluster of flowers, the inflorescence
Pineapple
Cotyledons
cotyledon, seed leaf within the embryo of a seed. Cotyledons help supply the nutrition a plant embryo needs to germinate and become established
Plumule
The bud of a young plant; the portion of the plant embryo giving rise to the first true leaves, especially above the cotyledons
Picotyl
epicotyl is important for the beginning stages of a plant’s life. It is the region of a seedling stem above the stalks of the seed leaves of an embryo
Hypocotyl
the part of the stem of an embryo plant beneath the stalks of the seed leaves or cotyledons and directly above the root
Radicle
the part of a plant embryo that develops into the primary root
Coleoptile
a sheath protecting a young shoot tip in a grass or cereal
Coleorhiza
a sheath protecting the root of a germinating grass or cereal grain
Seed germination
Seed germination is defined as the sum of events that begin with hydration of the seed and culminate in emergence of the embryonic axis (Keimung)
Seed dormancy
Seed dormancy is an evolutionary adaptation that prevents seeds from germinating during unsuitable ecological conditions
Seed longevity
Seeds of many plant species are extremely tolerant to harsh environmental conditions provided they are in a state of desiccation. In this dry state, their metabolic activity is drastically reduced to a very low level (quiescence) while retaining their ability to germinate for considerable periods
