flotation Flashcards
two major steps in floatation
- conditioning
- separation
includes any operation in which one type of solid is separated from another type by floating one of them on the surface of the fluid.
floating
the purpose of this is to create physical-chemical conditions for achieving appropriate selectivity, usually based on surface characteristics,
between particle species
conditioning
This step intended to generate and introduce air bubbles into process vessel for contacting them with particulate species
separation
In flotation, [articles attached to the air bubbles are in most applications removed from the process vessel as
froth
The unit operation of flotation is often referred to as
froth flotation
The ____________ stream is called a concentrate in the minerals industry, and the slurry underflow is termed ____________.
froth overflow, tailings
3 types of chemical reagents used in floatation
- collectors or promoters
- frothers
- modifiers
4 types of modifiers
- activators
- pH regulators
- depressants
- dispersants and flocculants
alter the surface of the mineral in order that it will become air-avid (to cause it to adhere to air bubbles)
Collectors or Promoters
added to strengthen temporarily covering film of the air bubbles. It serves to stabilize the froth and holds the
the concentrate launder.
Frothers
These are used to make a mineral surface amenable to collector coating.
Activators
used to control or adjust pH, a very critical factor in many flotation
separations.
pH regulators
assist in selectivity(sharpness of separation) or stop unwanted minerals from floating.
depressants
also known as deactivators which deactivates the minerals surface by resisting it towards the action of collectors.
depressants
important for the control of slimes that sometimes interfere with the selectivity and increase reagent consumptions
dispersants and flocculants
in floatation, what are the known information?
- density of materials
- L/S, water to solid ratio
- floatation reagents
- concentration feed, tailings and concentrate
- floatation cells type
- contact time
material balance for each unit can be used to determine
- degree of recovery
- size of each unit
by using L/S ratio and contact time, ___________ can be determined
size of floatation tank
Froth Flotation is most suitable for treating
quartz
In Froth Flotation, the chemical agent added to cause air adherence is called
modifier
Pine oil used in a flotation process acts as a
frother
Any operation in which one solid is separated from another by floating one of them at or on the surface of a fluid
floatation
The flotation agent that prevents coalescence of air bubbles as they travel to the surface of the water is/are
frothing agent
A flotation modifier which assists in the selectivity (sharpness of separation) or stop unwanted minerals from floating.
depressant
Dispersants are important for the control of slimes which sometimes interfere with
the selectivity and increase reagent consumption. Another term for dispersant is
deflocculant
An example of a collector for flotation of metallic sulfides and native metals is
xanthates
Which of the following is an example of a deflocculant?
lignin sulforate
