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Flight Paramedic Certification > Flight Physiology > Flashcards

Flight Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Boyle’s Law

A

“Boyle’s Balloon” P1 x V1 = P2 x V2

Increased altitude = increased volume due to decreased pressure.

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2
Q

Dalton’s Law

A

“Dalton’s Gang” - PT = P1 + P2 + P3…

Increased altitude = Decreased gas pressure without lowering percentage of gas. Causes hypoxia at altitude.

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3
Q

Normal Torr at sea level

A

760

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4
Q

Atmosphere gas composition

A

21% Oxygen
78% Nitrogen
1% Other

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5
Q

Henry’s Law

A

“Henry’s Heineken” P=KHC
Gas in a solution varies directly with the partial pressure of that same gas over the solution. Causes VQ mismatch due to pressure difference.

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6
Q

Charles Law

A

“Charging Charles” V1/V2 = T1/T2

Gas volume expands when heated and contracts when cooled. Pressure is constant!

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7
Q

Each 100m in elevation causes a temperature drop of?

A

1*C

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8
Q

Gay-Lussac’s Law

A

“Charles gay brother” P1/T2 = P2/T2

As temperature changes, pressure changes. Volume stays the same! Oxygen bottle in the sun.

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9
Q

Graham’s Law

A

“Graham’s grape jelly”

Gases with smaller mass diffuse faster than larger mass gasses.

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10
Q

Barotitis Media

A

Descent problem.

Air trapped in middle ear

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11
Q

Barodontalgia

A

Ascent problem.

Air trapped under recent dental work.

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12
Q

Treatment of Barodontalgia

A

Slower ascent, consider analgesics

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13
Q

Barosinusitis

A

Ascent problem.

Descend, slower climb, neosynephrine, analgesics

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14
Q

Barobariatrauma

A

Nitrogen from fatty tissue is released into plasma causing nitrogen narcosis.

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15
Q

Treatment of Barobariatrauma

A

Pre-oxygenate obese patient’s with 100% oxygen causing nitrogen washout.

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16
Q

Stressors of flight (8)

A 
Decreased partial pressure of oxygen
Barometric pressure changes
Thermal changes
Decreased humidity
Noise 
Vibration
Fatigue
G-forces
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17
Q

Factors effecting stressors of flight

A 
D- Drugs
E- Exhaustion
A- Alcohol
T- Tobacco
H- Hypoglycemia
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18
Q

MSL

A

Mean sea level

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19
Q

AGL

A

Above ground level

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20
Q

ATM

A

Atmosphere

21
Q

Torr

A

Measurement of pressure in mmHg

22
Q

PSI

A

Measurement of pressure in pounds

23
Q

At sea level, 1 ATM weights?

A

14.7 lbs or 760 torr

24
Q

0.5 ATM or 380 torr is at what altitude?

A

18,000

25
Q

1 ATM every ___ while diving.

A

33 feet

26
Q

Calculate partial pressure of oxygen on a normal day at sea level.

A

.21% x 760 torr = 159.6 torr

27
Q

Physiologic zone

A

Sea level to 10,000

28
Q

Physiological zone

A

10,000 to 50,000

29
Q

Space-Equivalent zone

A

50,000 to 200,000

30
Q

Hypoxic Hypoxia

A

Deficiency in alveolar O2 exchange. (Altitude hypoxia)

31
Q

Stagnant Hypoxia

A

Reduced cardiac output or pooling of blood (Heart failure, shock)

32
Q

Histotoxic Hypoxia

A

Inability to use present O2 in tissues due to poisioning. (Cyanide)

33
Q

Hypemic Hypoxia

A

Reduction in O2 carrying capacity of blood. (Trauma with hemorrhage, Anemia, CO)

34
Q

Indifferent stage of hypoxia

A

Increased HR and RR. Decreased night vision.

35
Q

Night vision decreases at what altitude?

A

5000

36
Q

Compensatory stage of hypoxia

A

Increased BP, impairment of task performance

37
Q

Disturbance stage of hypoxia

A

Dizzy, sleepy, tunnel vision, cyanosis

38
Q

Critical stage of hypoxia

A

Marked confusion and incapacitation

39
Q

Pa02 decreased by ___ for every ___ increase in altitude

A

5 mmHg

1000 FT

40
Q

Oxygen adjustment calculator

A

(Fio2 x P1) / P2 = Fio2 at altitude

41
Q

Effective performance time

A

Amount of time a crew member is able to perform useful flying duties in an inadequately oxygenated environment

42
Q

Time of useful consciousness

A

Elapsed time from exposure to oxygen deprived environment to the point when function is lost

43
Q

Explosive decompression

A

1/2 of TUC compared to controlled decompression

44
Q

S/S of Type I Decompression Sickness

A

Painful joints
Mottled skin
Itching

45
Q

S/S of Type II Decompression Sickness

A

Neurological S/S

Hypovolemic shock

46
Q

Signs of compression loss at altitude

A

Cooler cabin temperatures

Windows fogging

47
Q

TUC at 30,000 ft MSL

A

90 seconds

45 seconds with rapid decompression

48
Q

Every ___ increase in elevation causes temperatures to drop ___.

A

1000 ft

2*C

Flight Paramedic Certification (15 decks)

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