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animal disease 1 > Flies > Flashcards

Flies Flashcards

1
Q

Define myiases.

A

Infestation of larval stages of dipterous flies/maggots/grubs in tissues they feed on.

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2
Q

What distinguishes the oestridae fly family?

A

Obligate
Causes myiases

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3
Q

Name the 3 species in the oestridae family?

A

Oestrus
Gasterophilus
Hypoderma

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4
Q

What is the common name for oestrus ovis?

A

Sheep nasal bot fly

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5
Q

What is the lifecycle of oestrus ovis?

A
  1. Fly squirt larva into nasal openings
  2. Migrate up nasal passages
  3. Moult and grow
  4. Larvae drop to the ground
  5. Pupa
  6. Adult
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6
Q

What is the lifecycle of gasterophilus species?

A
  1. Eggs on hairs of limbs and around mouth of horses
  2. Larva
  3. Migrate towards mouth or picked up in grooming
  4. Migrate through soft tissues in the mouth
  5. Swallowed
  6. Attach to stomach mucosa for 1-12 months
  7. Passed in faeces
  8. Pupa
  9. Adult
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7
Q

What is a risk of gasterophilus species?

A

May impact on digestion

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8
Q

How are gasterophilus species managed?

A

Highly susceptible to macrocytic lactones

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9
Q

What is the common name for hypoderma species?

A

Warble fly

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10
Q

What is the lifecycle of hypoderma species?

A
  1. Eggs laid on cattle (deer, reindeer)
  2. Larva
  3. Penetrate skin through hair follicles
  4. Migrate
  5. Quiescent in spinal cord epidural space or oesophagus smooth muscle
  6. Migrate to dorsal trunk skin
  7. Warble lesions
  8. Grow
  9. Moult to complete lifecycle
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11
Q

What is the common name for lucilia sericata?

A

Greenbottle fly

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12
Q

What does Lucilia sericata cause in which animal?

A

Myiasis in sheep
Associated blowfly strike

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13
Q

What is the lifecycle of lucilia sericata?

A
  1. Eggs on damaged or soiled skin
  2. Larva
  3. Feed for 3 days
  4. Disperse
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14
Q

What are the factors associated with fly strike associated with lucilia sericata?

A
  • Starch diets > diarrhoea > attracts flies
  • Reduced grooming behaviours due to dental disease for example
  • If the rabbit cannot remove faecal matter > attract flies
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15
Q

Describe characteristics of species in the hippoboscidae family.

A
  • No wings
  • Spend entire life on host feeding
  • Don’t lay eggs but produce larva > pupa > adults
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16
Q

Name 2 species in the hippoboscidae family.

A

Melophagus ovinus/sheep ked

Hippobosca equina/forest fly

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17
Q

What are the hosts of melophagus ovinus?

A

Sheep, goats

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18
Q

What is caused by melophagus ovinus?

A

Contagious
Discomfort, restlessness

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19
Q

Where is the lifecycle of melophagus ovinus carried out?

A

Complete lifecycle on host

20
Q

What is the appearance of hippobosca equina?

A

Powerful legs
Big claws
Has wings but may shed them after finding a host

21
Q

What are the hosts of hippobosca equina?

A

Horses
Cattle
Birds

22
Q

What is caused by hippobosca equina?

A

Discomfort
Irritation

23
Q

Where is the lifecycle of hippobosca equina carried out?

A

Not complete lifecycle on host

24
Q

What is the common name for tabanids?

A

Horse/deer flies

25
Q

What is the appearance of tabanids?

A

Large mouthparts that cut the skin to feed

26
Q

What are the hosts of tabanids?

A

Horse, deer, many animals

27
Q

What can tabanids cause?

A

Insect bite hypersensitivity reaction in horses

28
Q

What is the common name for stomoxys?

A

Stable fly

29
Q

What do stomoxys cause?

A

Discomfort in cattle and horses
Painful bites

30
Q

What is the common name for haematobia irritans?

A

Horn fly, closely related to stable fly

31
Q

Where on the body of which animal is haematobia irritans?

A

Around the head in cattle

32
Q

What is caused by haematobia irritans?

A

Significant irritation

33
Q

What is the common name for hydrotea irritans?

A

Head fly

34
Q

What do hydrotea irritans feed on?

A

Wounds at blowfly strike sites in sheep

35
Q

What do hydrotea irritans cause?

A

Sheep lesions on head

36
Q

Which bacteria can be transmitted by hydrotea irritans to cause mastitis in cattle?

A

Trueperella pyogenes

Peptococcus indolicus

Streptococcus dysgalactiae

37
Q

What is the common name for musca autumnalis?

A

Face fly

38
Q

How does musca autumnalis feed?

A

Non-biting fly. Feeds on secretions from eyes, nose and mouth, so are distracting and interrupt grazing.

39
Q

Which diseases is musca autumnalis a mechanical vector of?

A

Moraxella bovis
New forest disease/keratoconjunctivitis

40
Q

What is the common name for phlebotomus species?

A

Sandfly

41
Q

What can phlebotomus species cause?

A

Can be infected with leishmania, causing substantial skin and systemic disease.

42
Q

What is the common name for culicoides?

A

Biting midges

43
Q

What can culicoides cause in horses?

A

Sweet itch/insect bit hypersensitivity in horse

44
Q

What diseases can culicoides be a vector of?

A

Bluetongue and Schmallenburg viruses

45
Q

What is the epidemiology of culicoides?

A

Weak flies can be blown far in wind so spread infectious disease

animal disease 1 (25 decks)

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