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Veterinary Assisting > Fleas & Ticks > Flashcards

Fleas & Ticks Flashcards

1
Q

Ectoparasites

A
  • A parasite that lives on the outside
    of the host
  • Fleas, ticks, lice, and mites
  • A large problem in the
    Southeast
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2
Q

Cat Flea

A

Ctenocephalides felis

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3
Q

Ctenocephalides felis

A
  • 1-2 mm long
  • Wingless, but can jump
    tremendous distances
  • Reddish-brown in color
    *Blood-sucking insects
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4
Q

Typical Flea Cycle: Stage 1

A

Eggs hatch in 2 to 3 days

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5
Q

Typical Flea Cycle: Stage 2

A

Larvae go though three stages in 5 to 10 days before pupating

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6
Q

Typical Flea Cycle: Stage 3

A

Pupae live from 5 to 10 days to 6 months in a cocoon

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7
Q

Typical Flea Cycle: Stage 4

A

Adults emerge and live on one host for up to 2 months

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8
Q

What is the highly resilient stage of the flea life cycle?

A

The pupal stage!
It will lie dormant in the environment until conditions are perfect

Temperature higher than 70 degrees and humidity higher than 70%

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9
Q

Good oral medication for flea control

A
  • Bravecto
  • Sentinel
  • Trifexis
  • Comfortis
  • Nexgard
  • Comfortis
  • Capstar
  • Simparica
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10
Q

Good topical medication for flea control

A
  • Frontline
  • Advantage
  • Advantix (not for cats!)
  • Revolution
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11
Q

Good collars for flea control (prescription only)

A

Seresto

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12
Q

Insect Growth Regulator

A

Prevents flea eggs from hatching (sterilizes the flea)

Birth control for fleas

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13
Q

Adulticide

A

Kills adult fleas

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14
Q

What is important to not about Sentinel?

A

Does not contain an adulticide! Will sterilize fleas, but doesn’t kill the adult
fleas. Great for preventing a flea problem; not good for treating one

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15
Q

What flea products don’t work?

A

Flea dips or shampoos -> Only kill the fleas on the pet at that moment + 95% of fleas are in the environment = a
short term solution

Herbal remedies

*Beware of Hartz products in cats!
* Cats are very sensitive to pyrethrins and pyrethroids
* Educate your owners on the dangers of Hartz

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16
Q

Ticks

A
  • External parasites
  • Blood-feeding
  • Ticks transmit the widest variety of
    pathogens of any blood sucking arthropod
17
Q

Tick-borne Diseases

A
  • Ehrlichia
  • Lyme
  • Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)
  • Anaplasmosis
    Dog diseases only!
18
Q

Ehrlichia

A

Caused by several strains of ehrlichia
Most common is Ehrlichia canis
Dog-only disease
Endemic in the southeastern US
Transmitted through the bite of a brown dog tick
*In-house test
* 4DX serology test
* A positive test indicates exposure only. Additional tests are required
*Treatment – doxycycline antibiotic for 28 days
*Prevention – tick control

19
Q

Lyme Disease

A

*Transmitted through the bite of a deer tick
*Seen in dogs only
*Caused by Borrelia burgdorferi
*Dogs do not get a bull’s eye rash!
*In-house test
* 4DX snap serology test
* Positive test means exposure only. Follow-up testing is usually required
Treatment
* doxycycline antibiotic for 28 days
Prevention
* Vaccine
* Tick control

20
Q

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

A

*Transmitted by the bite of an American dog tick or Brown dog tick
*Dogs only
*Rickettsia rickettsii
*Treatment – doxycycline antibiotic
*Test – outside laboratory only
4DX Snap test (done in the clinic)
* Tests for all tick borne diseases except RMSF
* A positive test indicates exposure only. Additional tests are usually
required

21
Q

Treatment for tick-borne
diseases

A

*All tick borne diseases treated with an antibiotic
* Doxycycline most common

22
Q

Prevention of tick-borne
disease

A

*Tick control
*Vaccine (Lyme disease only)

23
Q

Tick Prevention

A

Collars
* Seresto

Oral
* Bravecto
* Nexgard
* Simparica

Topical
* Frontline
* Revolution (one tick species only)
* Advantage
* Advantix

24
Q

General principles for tick
and flea preventatives

A
  • Dog and cat products are NOT interchangeable
  • There are NO products that address the big 3: Fleas, Ticks, and Heartworm
  • A combination of two products is required
  • Questions about a product?
  • Read the package insert
  • Call your rep!
  • Check your chart for age and weight recommendations
  • Intact female or pregnant dog?
  • Not all preventatives are safe – check the chart!

Veterinary Assisting (22 decks)

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