Flame Tests Flashcards
What colour flame do lithium ions burn with?
Crimson red
What colour flame do sodium ions burn with?
Yellow-orange
What colour flame do potassium ions burn with?
Lilac
What colour flame do calcium ions burn with?
Brick-red
Copper ions plus sodium hydroxide form what precipitate? What colour is it?
Copper oxide. Blue
Iron (II) ions plus sodium hydroxide form what precipitate? What colour is it?
Iron (II) oxide. Sludgy green
Iron (III) ions plus sodium hydroxide form what precipitate? What colour is it?
Iron (III) oxide. Reddish brown
What is the test for ammonia gas?
Turns damp red litmus paper blue
How can you test if a substance contains ammonia ions?
Add sodium hydroxide - releases ammonia gas (test with damp red litmus paper)
How do you test for carbonates?
Add dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl). Produces carbon dioxide if carbonates present.
How do you test for sulfates?
Add dilute hydrochloric acid followed by barium chloride solution. Produces white precipitate of barium sulphate if original compound was a sulphate.
How do you test for halides?
Add dilute nitric acid, then silver nitrate solution. Gives white, cream or yellow precipitate if original compound was a halide.
Chloride ions produce what colour precipitate with silver chloride?
White
Bromide ions produce what colour precipitate with silver chloride?
Cream
Iodide ions produce what colour precipitate with silver chloride?
Yellow
