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151C/24/005 > fixed fire fighting systems > Flashcards

fixed fire fighting systems Flashcards

1
Q

discribe the effects of inhaling CO2 at 1%

A

slight and unnoticeable increase in breathing rate. No significant effects

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2
Q

describe the effects of inhaling CO2 at 2%

A
  • breathing becomes slightly deeper and the rate will increase to about 20 % above the normal level
  • prolonged exposure for several hours or more may cause a headache and a feeling of fatigue
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3
Q

describe the effects of inhaling CO2 at 3%

A
  • breathing stimulation will start to be noticeable with increase in respiratory volume per minute, twice per normal level
  • the gas will have no narcotic effect at this level
  • headache and slight increase in blood pressure and pulse rate may occur in some people in prolonged exposures of several hours
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4
Q

describe the effects of inhaling CO2 at 4%

A
  • breathing will become increase to 2 times the normal breathing volume per minute
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5
Q

describe the effects of inhaling CO2 at 5-6%

A
  • concentration breathing will begin to become definitely laboured, with a feeling of ‘shortness of breath’ and decreased tolerance to physical exertion
  • this can be accompanied by a headache
  • mental function not impaired
  • moderate circulatory stimulation occurs, with increased heart rate
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6
Q

describe the effects of inhaling CO2 at 7-10%

A
  • respiratory stimulation is not tolerable
  • mental function failure occurs along with capacity for physical action
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7
Q

describe the effects of inhaling CO2 at 10-100%

A
  • as the concentration increases above 10% unconsciousness will occur rapidly and, in less rapid action is taken to remove the individual from the CO2 exposure and assure proper respiration
  • exposure to high concentrations may result in death from CO2 asphyxiation
  • 20% to 100% concentration, death will occur rapidly within a few mins
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8
Q

in the AFFF system, slat water will flow mixed with foam until what occurs?

A
  • the foam concentration increases the bladder tank is emptied
  • the relevant spray system control valve push switch is operated
  • the “stop foam” push switch is operated
  • the relevant spray system control valve is manually shut
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9
Q

describe what happens on a T45 CO2 system when the control cabinet is operated ?

A

Each local control cabinet contains a 2Kg CO2 pilot cylinder with probe attached, two shot probe housing and two discharge points
- the cabinets are fitted with a micro-switch, this activates when the door is opened
- the relay panel sends a signal to the CO2 yodalam, flashing beacons (RED) and crash stop vent to compartment
- to activate the required shot the probe is insterted into the relevant housing
- on release of the pilot cylinders the main compartment isolating valves will open

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10
Q

State procedure for personnel to enter the CO2 drench Room

A

On all the occasions when it is necessary foe personnel to enter an CO2 drench room the rolling procedures are to be observed
- SCC notified and permission granted
- CO2 Drench room ventilation fans working
- CO2 detector is not in the alarm condition
- mandatory use of hand-held CO2 detector
If the reason to enter the compartment is t manually operate the system, at least two operators must be present and Breathing Apparatus (BA) is to be worn

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11
Q

On a T45 the gas turbines are fitted with extended discharge CO2, how does this work?

A

when the gas turbine CO2 system operates, the initial discharge and the extended discharge will be released at the same time
- the system is designed to release 85% of the cylinder contents within 2 mins
- the extended discharge for the GTs will then take place over a period of 20 mins
- the CO2 is stored in 24 cylinders split between the 2 CO2 bottle stores

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12
Q

what periodicity should AFF samples be sent for laboratory analysis and how much should be sent?

A
  • 1 litre from each bladder tank
  • annually
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13
Q

what information should be attached to a AFFF sample when sending for laboratory analysis?

A
  • each container is to be clearly marked to show the name of the vessel, sample No, where the smaple has was taken from and the type of foam
  • the AFFF sample control document attached to the foam sampling procedure S2022A, is to be completed and secured to the sample package and also placed with the package
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14
Q

name 4 different types of fixed firefighting systems ?

A
  • CO2
  • AFFF
  • water mist - quartziod bulb
  • galley/deep fat fryer
  • halon drench
  • interagency
  • rapid reaction spray
  • high/low level slat water spray systems
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15
Q

wha compartments use AFFF as a primary protection on a T45?

A

the system is to be operated as a primary fired protection system in the following compartments,
- emergency gen room
- avact pump room/STP/ cofferdam
- hanger

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16
Q

with regards to the K-5 fire suspension systems, why is is considered to have NO scope foe failure?

A

The K-5 fire suppression system conway’s in no moving parts and remains ZERO pressure until the fire conditions have been detected
- consequently, there is no scope for failure due to leaking propellant gas or from faulty gas valves or mechanical linkages
- the major six-monthly predation all checks on each mechanical components are not necessary, with the advent of the k-5

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17
Q

in order to provide minimum concentration of 55% in the engine room, what pressure are halon 1301 cylinders charged to?

A
  • each cylinder contains enough halon 1301 gas to provide the min 55% concentration required to extinguish a fire in the engine room
  • when fully charged the cycle fears are pressurised to 25 bar at 20 degrees
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18
Q

on new build warships, the preferred gas is known as INTERGEN, why is this?

A
  • it is naturally present in the atmosphere: therefore it is green-house effect is nil and it’s ozone layer depletion potential os zero
  • it is chemically inert, non-conductive, colourless, odourless and flavourless
  • it is non-corrosive and may be used at normal temperatures with such materials as nickel,steel, stainless steel, copper, brass, bronze and plastics
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19
Q

what regards to CO2 systems as fitted to a type 45, who authorise the operation of the system in harbour ?

A

the OOD is authorised to order the operation of the CO2 systems, both first and second shots and the use of high/low level AFFF sprinkler systems

20
Q

what regards to CO2 systems as fitted to a type 45, who authorise the operation of the system in sea?

A
  • CBRN State 3- the MEO is required to authorise gather first shot. The second shot and use of AFFF sprinkler systems requires command
  • CBRN state1 - the IBC (MEO) is authorised the ordered the operation of the CO2 systems both first and second shots and the uses of high/low level AFFF sprinkler system
21
Q

what regards to CO2 systems as fitted to a type 45, what is the procedure to be followed for local system operation ?

A
  • open the control box, activating audible alarm adjacent to the cabinet and revolving light and audible alarm in the affected space
  • confirm vent fans are stopped
  • insert CO2 prose in SHOT ONE and operate CO2 cyclinder
  • check CO2 cylinders for correct operation (safety number and EDBA will be required )
  • if second shot of CO2 is required, the compartment must be fully closed down, evacuated and permission to discharge the system form DCO/OOD
  • if the fore is not extinguished, operate high level water/ AFFF sprays for approx 5 mins and then as required there after
  • consideration must be given to ships stability once these sprays have been operated
22
Q

describe what happens when the extinguisher is opened into a CO2 control cabinet?

A

the system is designed to discharge 85% of the cylinder contents within 2 mins of commencement of discharge
- when the extinguisher is operated, a pneumatic isolation/directional valve for the protected compartment will be opened by actuation gas pressure
- the contents of the required number of CO2 cylinders will be discharged into the protected compartment

23
Q

what is the objective of the F-gas regulation 517/2014?

A

the objective of this regulation is to protect the environment by reducing emissions of fluoridated greenhouse gases

24
Q

state 4 obligations for fire protection systems under the F-gas regulations

A
  • correctly label new equipment
  • regularly check for leakage- all systems containing 5 tonnes or more of CO2 equivalent F-gases
  • keep records about systems that use F-gases - all systems containing 5 tonnes or more of CO2 equivalent F-gases
  • use appropriately qualified personnel to carry out installation, servings, maintained and leak checking
25
Q

what is the montreal protocol and what are the aims?

A

the montreal protocol is an agreement intended to target Ozone depletion, and its aim to control the use and phase out of Ozone depleting substances

26
Q

wha is the Kyoto protocol and what are its aims?
State two of the gases covered under the Kyoto protocol

A

An international agreement to limit emissions if greenhouse gases. its aim is the containment of the gases which cause global warming
Carbon Dioxide- CO2
Methane - CH4

27
Q

State 4 commonly used alternatives to F-Gas to combat fire

A

CO2
IG55 - Argonite
IG541- Inergen
IG01 - Argon

28
Q

which government department has established an advice service regarding the legislation for all users of F-Gas systems including manufacturers, operators and contractors?

A

DEFRA

29
Q

What is the main responsibility of personnel employed in the operation of,or maintenance on equipment which contains F-Gas?

A

All personnel employed in the operation and maintenance of equipment containing F-Gas are deemed responsible for ensuring all reasonable measures are taken to prevent leakage of fluoridated greenhouse gases into the atmosphere

30
Q

what is the MOD position with regards to complying with the F-Gas regulations?

A

The MOD complies with the F-Gas regulations, there is NO CROWN IMMUNITY
It’s the responsibility of personnel to ensure they follow orders and procedures correctly as penalties can be served

31
Q

Which regards to fixed gaseous Fire-fighting systems what are mani fold bottles?

A

A group of containers that are to a single pipe or chamber with multiple apertures allowing all bottles to be discharged at the same time to a common suppression point

32
Q

Which regards to fixed gaseous Fire-fighting systems what are Modular/Distributed bottles?

A

individually placed bottles intended to provide suppression at specific points.
Discharge of F-Gas is completely independent of each other

33
Q

with regards to fixed gaseous fire fighting systems, what are the 2 basic methods of actuations, how are they operated and how are they initiated?

A

Automatic actuation- electrical, pneumatic or cable tension operation, initiated by some sort of fire detection system

manual actuation- requiring some form of manual operation, be it cable,lever , electrical or pneumatic, to initiate discharge of the cylinder

34
Q

state the compartments that may be protected by gaseous fixed fire fighting systems

A
  • computer suites
  • communication rooms
  • electrical power rooms
  • engine rooms
35
Q

fixed firefighting systems contain 75 tonnes of CO2 equivalent F_gas and is not fitted with an automatic leak detection system, how often should the system be leak checked?

A

every 6 months

36
Q

when checking has cylinders, what ate the gas levels when the cylinders must be re-filled/replaced?

A

cylinder pressure has dropped by 10%
extinguisher level has dropped by 5%

37
Q

state the types of actuators used in gaseous fixed fire fighting systems

A
  • differential pressure
  • servo pressure
  • Disc
  • mechanical
38
Q

state 4 pieces of information kept in the systems log book

A
  • chemical name and quantity of the F-Gas
  • The global warming potential of the F-Gas
  • Identity of the Operator and their contact details
  • Any system changes and any leak history, including leak checking
39
Q

What are the two main reasons for employing safe working practices within a marine environment?

A

Legal responsibility
-H & S at work act 1974 places requirements on both employer and the employee to protect health and safety of all personnel
- failure to comply can lead to prosecution resulting in custodial sentences and or heavy fines

Moral responsibility
- you have moral responsibility to protect health and safety of yourself and of those who are affected by the work you carry out
- including your own working practices

40
Q

what are the 2 major hazards associated with pressurised F-Gas fire fighting cylinders and what must be fitted prior to handling or transporting the cylinder

A

Major hazards
- immediate physical danger to nearby personnel of a high-pressure liquid jet, possibly making the container behave like a rock
- considerable frost Bite and cold burn ginger of a product that will drop to -400 degrees when evaporating on contact with skin or eyes

What’s must be fitted
the valve assembly must be protected by the fitting of the safety cap and/or safety shroud and anti-recoil device before handling
Safety caps are supplies by the manufacturer

41
Q

when replacing cylinders what must be checked to prior or refitting the actuator to prevent inadvertent cylinder discharge ?

A

ensure actuator mechanisms is in the de-energised position prior to fitting it to prevent inadvertent discharge of the cylinder contents

42
Q

state two points which must be observed prior to the cylinders being handed over to store’s personnel

A
  • Always ensure that the containers are well secured for transport
  • confirm that the correct stores return paperwork has been completed
43
Q

with respect to F-Gas fixed fire fighting systems define recovery

A

the removal of F-gases from a system to a storage cylinder

44
Q

with respect to F-Gas fixed fire fighting systems define re-cycling

A

the re-use of a recovered F-Gas following basic cleaning, through a drier. filter)

45
Q

with respect to F-Gas fixed fire fighting systems define reclamation

A

the re-processing of a recovered F-Gas to meet a specific standard

46
Q

with respect to F-Gas fixed fire fighting systems define destruction

A

the process to permanently transform or decompose to a non F-Gas state

47
Q

what is the make up of INERGEN

A

50% nitrogen
42% Argon
8% CO2

151C/24/005 (7 decks)

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