Fixed appliances in Ortho - Theory and Components Flashcards
List the types of tooth movements
Tipping Bodily movement Rotation Torque Vertical movements - extrusion, intrusion
What type of movement can removable appliances do?
Tipping
What are the problems of fixed appliances?
Enamel demin/caries Root resorption Periodontal problems - gingivitis/gingival hyperplasia Unwanted tooth movements Pulp devitalisation Soft tissue lacerations Allergies Pain
Positives of fixed appliances?
Good tooth alignment
Corrects rotations, controlled tipping and torque control
Good space closure (bodily movement)
List the components of fixed appliances
Brackets
Molar tubes/bands
Archwires
Auxiliaries
Name the components of a bracket
Tie wings
Slots
Name the types of wires and their uses
Round wires - initial tooth alignment
Rectangular wires - space closure and final alignment
Name the bracket materials
Metal - stainless steel
Plastic
Ceramic
What is the bracket base made of?
Foil mesh
List the types of aesthetic brackets
Plastic
Ceramic
Lingual
Problems of plastic brackets?
Fracture
Distortion
Discolouration
Problems of ceramic brackets?
Fracture - in use, debonding
Abrasion of other teeth
Increased friction
Cost
When can ceramic brackets be used?
Upper arch only
Lower arch if no overbite (can wear uppers if OB)
Negatives of lingual appliances?
Difficult technique
Cost
Traumatic to tongue
Components of upper and lower molar tubes?
Upper:
- Additional tube for headgear - do not use for A/W
- Hook for auxillaries
Lower:
- Single tube for archwire
- Hook for auxiliaries
How to separate teeth for molar bands?
Separators for 1 week
- More comfortable
- Easier for operator
- More accurate band selection
Problems with molar tubes - direct bond?
Difficult isolation from moisture - more likely to debond
Problems with wire if debonds
Can’t use with headgear
Name the types of archwires and their functions
Active archwires - move teeth with wire - light forces, flexible (nickel titanium (for alignment)
Passive archwires - move teeth along wire - rigid (stainless steel for bodily movement of teeth)
What are archwires made out of?
Nickel titanium:
- Super-elastic
- Heat activated
Stainless steel
Attaching archwire?
Elastic modulus Wire ligatures (quick ties)
What can auxiliaries be?
Elastics, springs
Examples of elastic auxiliaries?
Elastic bands Powerchain Zing string E-links Traction ligatures
Examples of spring auxiliaries?
Push coil/coil spring - Stainless steel - Nickel titanium Closing coil/retraction springs - Nickel titanium
What are weingarts for?
Grips archwires
What do tuckers do?
Tucks ends of quickties
Adams pliers function?
Makes bends in archwires or adjust clamps on removable appliances
What do lightwire plier cutters do?
Cut light wires/elastic
Function of crown shears?
Cut end of quickties
Distal end cutter function?
Cut end of archwires
