Fixed appliances in Ortho - Theory and Components Flashcards

1
Q

List the types of tooth movements

A
Tipping
Bodily movement
Rotation
Torque
Vertical movements - extrusion, intrusion
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2
Q

What type of movement can removable appliances do?

A

Tipping

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3
Q

What are the problems of fixed appliances?

A
Enamel demin/caries
Root resorption
Periodontal problems - gingivitis/gingival hyperplasia
Unwanted tooth movements
Pulp devitalisation
Soft tissue lacerations
Allergies
Pain
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4
Q

Positives of fixed appliances?

A

Good tooth alignment
Corrects rotations, controlled tipping and torque control
Good space closure (bodily movement)

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5
Q

List the components of fixed appliances

A

Brackets
Molar tubes/bands
Archwires
Auxiliaries

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6
Q

Name the components of a bracket

A

Tie wings

Slots

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7
Q

Name the types of wires and their uses

A

Round wires - initial tooth alignment

Rectangular wires - space closure and final alignment

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8
Q

Name the bracket materials

A

Metal - stainless steel
Plastic
Ceramic

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9
Q

What is the bracket base made of?

A

Foil mesh

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10
Q

List the types of aesthetic brackets

A

Plastic
Ceramic
Lingual

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11
Q

Problems of plastic brackets?

A

Fracture
Distortion
Discolouration

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12
Q

Problems of ceramic brackets?

A

Fracture - in use, debonding
Abrasion of other teeth
Increased friction
Cost

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13
Q

When can ceramic brackets be used?

A

Upper arch only

Lower arch if no overbite (can wear uppers if OB)

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14
Q

Negatives of lingual appliances?

A

Difficult technique
Cost
Traumatic to tongue

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15
Q

Components of upper and lower molar tubes?

A

Upper:

  • Additional tube for headgear - do not use for A/W
  • Hook for auxillaries

Lower:

  • Single tube for archwire
  • Hook for auxiliaries
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16
Q

How to separate teeth for molar bands?

A

Separators for 1 week

  • More comfortable
  • Easier for operator
  • More accurate band selection
17
Q

Problems with molar tubes - direct bond?

A

Difficult isolation from moisture - more likely to debond
Problems with wire if debonds
Can’t use with headgear

18
Q

Name the types of archwires and their functions

A

Active archwires - move teeth with wire - light forces, flexible (nickel titanium (for alignment)
Passive archwires - move teeth along wire - rigid (stainless steel for bodily movement of teeth)

19
Q

What are archwires made out of?

A

Nickel titanium:
- Super-elastic
- Heat activated
Stainless steel

20
Q

Attaching archwire?

A
Elastic modulus
Wire ligatures (quick ties)
21
Q

What can auxiliaries be?

A

Elastics, springs

22
Q

Examples of elastic auxiliaries?

A
Elastic bands
Powerchain
Zing string
E-links
Traction ligatures
23
Q

Examples of spring auxiliaries?

A
Push coil/coil spring
- Stainless steel
- Nickel titanium
Closing coil/retraction springs
- Nickel titanium
24
Q

What are weingarts for?

A

Grips archwires

25
What do tuckers do?
Tucks ends of quickties
26
Adams pliers function?
Makes bends in archwires or adjust clamps on removable appliances
27
What do lightwire plier cutters do?
Cut light wires/elastic
28
Function of crown shears?
Cut end of quickties
29
Distal end cutter function?
Cut end of archwires