five trends

Question 1

Are positive ions smaller or bigger than their parent atom?

Answer 1

Positive ions are smaller than their parent atoms

Question 2

What does the formation of positive ions involve?

Answer 2

Involves the loss of the outer energy level

Question 3

Are negative ions larger or smaller than their parent atom?

Answer 3

Larger

Question 4

What does the formation of negative ions involve?

Answer 4

Addition of electrons into the outer energy level

Question 5

What does the increased electron repulsion between the electrons in the outer principle energy level cause?

Answer 5

Causes the electrons to move further apart and so increases the radius of the outer energy level

Question 6

Why does the Ionic radii decrease from groups 1 to 14 for the positive ions?

Answer 6

B/c of the nuclear charge with atomic number across the period

Question 7

What does the increased attraction between the nucleus and the electrons do?

Answer 7

Pulls the outer energy levels closer to the nucleus

Question 8

Why does the Ionic radii decrease from groups 14 to 17 for the negative ions?

Answer 8

B/c of the increase in nuclear charge across the period

Question 9

Why are the positive ions smaller than the negative ions?

Answer 9

B/c the former have only two occupied electron principle energy levels and the latter have three

Question 10

Why does the Ionic radii decrease down a group?

Answer 10

B/c the number of electrons energy levels increases