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History Final Exam > Five Presidents > Flashcards

Five Presidents Flashcards

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1
Q

George Washington: Dates:

A

1789- 1797

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2
Q

George Washington
Define Whiskey Rebellion:

A

first rebellion under the US Constitution; Washington quickly put it down showing the power of the federal government

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3
Q

George Washington:

Define Rise of Political Parties:

A

Jefferson and the Democratic Republicans (small government, economy based on agriculture) VS. Hamilton and the Federalists (larger government, economy based on banking and trade)

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4
Q

George Washington:

Define Farewell Address:

A

Washington stepped down after two terms (set that presidential precedent) and warned of political parties and foreign entanglements in his farewell address

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5
Q

George Washington:

Define First Cabinet: Who were the first cabinet members?

A

Jefferson- Sec. of State; Knox- Sec. of War Hamilton- Sec. of the Treasury, and Randolph-Attorney General

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6
Q

George Washington:

Define Creation of National Bank (Alexander Hamilton):

A

created a national bank and banking system to help the country get rid of its debt from the Revolutionary War

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7
Q

John Adams Presidency: Dates

A

1797-1801

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8
Q

John Adams Presidency:
Define XYZ Affair

A

France sent low-level officials to meet with Adams’ diplomats, worsening the US and French relationship with each other; led to an unofficial war in the late 1790s

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9
Q

John Adams President

Define Alien and Sedition Acts:

A

Alien Acts: raised the number of years immigrants had to live in the US before citizenship to 14 (Anti-French law); Sedition Act: made it illegal to speak out against or criticize your government; these were very unpopular and coast John Adams re-election

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10
Q

Thomas Jefferson: Dates

A

1801-1809

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11
Q

Thomas Jefferson

Define Louisiana Purchase:

A

Jefferson purchased this territory from the French (Napoleon) in 1803, doubling the size of the US

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12
Q

Thomas Jefferson

Define Lewis and Clark:

A

explorers sent by Jefferson to explore the Louisiana Territory and find the Northwest passage to the Pacific Ocean

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13
Q

James Madison: Dates

A

1809-1817

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14
Q

James Madison

Define War of 1812:

A

war between the US and Great Britain over Britain’s impressment policies (often called the Second Revolutionary War)

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15
Q

James Madison

Define Battle of Fort McHenry (Star-Spangled Banner):

A

Major battle that the US won’ Francis Scott Key wrote the Star-Spangled Banner while watching this battle happen from a ship

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16
Q

James Madison

Define Battle of New Orleans:

A

major victory for the US; Andrew Jackson became a national war hero; battle happened AFTER the war was over, but word had not made it there yet

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17
Q

James Madison

Define Treaty of Ghent

A

treaty between the US and Great Britain ending the War of 1812; Great Britain agreed to give up influence in the Northwest Territory

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18
Q

James Monroe: Dates

A

1817-1825

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19
Q

James Monroe

Define Era of Good Feelings:

A

time period of peace and prosperity during the 1820s

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20
Q

James Monroe

Define Monroe Doctrine:

A

official US policy telling Europe that the Western Hemisphere is off-limits for trade and colonization

21
Q

John Quincy Adams:
Dates

A

1825-1829

22
Q

John Quincy Adams

Define Election of 1824 (Corrupt Bargain):

A

When no one reached the majority of Electoral College votes, Henry Clay and J.Q. Adams made an agreement that Clay would get Adams elected president by the House of Representatives if Adams made Clay his Sec. of State

23
Q

John Quincy Adams

Define Universal Male Suffrage: what does that mean?

A

All white men were given the right to vote between the election of 1824 and 1828

24
Q

Andrew Jackson: Dates

A

1829-1837

25
Q

Andrew Jackson
Define Spoils System

A

the act of giving high level jobs to the supporters of a president

26
Q

Andrew Jackson

National Bank: How did Jackson feel about a national bank? What did he use instead?

A

Jackson hated the bank and did not renew its charter; he used regional “pet banks” instead

27
Q

Indian Relations:
Indian Removal Act: who was removed? Where did they have to go?

A

Cherokee and other tribes could be forced off their land if the US Government wanted to claim it

28
Q

Indian relations
Define Trail of Tears

A

the path that the Cherokee nation took from Georgia to the Oklahoma Territory when they were forced from their land

29
Q

Indian relations
Define Nullification Crisis of 1832:

A

South Carolina threatened to secede over the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832; tariffs protected the northern businesses and hurt southern states that relied on imports

30
Q

What is sectionalism?

A

Putting the needs of your region/section of the country above the whole country

31
Q

Industrial Revolution in the US:
​What are the three parts of the American System?

A

​1. Tariff of 1816
​​2. Roads/Canals
​​3.National Bank/Currency

32
Q

Who created the American System?

A

Henry Clay

33
Q

Inventions of the American Revolution:

A

telegraph, sewing machine steel plow, steam engine, steam boat

34
Q

Expansion, Texas and War with Mexico
Manifest Destiny: what is it?

A

The belief that God wanted the US to spread from the Atlantic to the Pacific; used as justification for westward expansion and taking native lands

35
Q

Expansion, Texas and War with Mexico

Define Mormon Migration:

A

westward movement of a group of Christians who were being persecuted

36
Q

Who is the founder of Mormon Migration?

A

Brigham Young

37
Q

Where did they settle? Mormon migration?

A

Salt Lake City, Utah

38
Q

Texas Revolution: Dates 1835-1836
Define Stephen Austin-

A

early leader of the Texas Revolution whose arrest in Mexico City led to the revolution; died at the Battle of the Alamo

39
Q

Texas Revolution: Dates 1835-1836
Define Sam Houston-

A

took over when Austin died; later became the President of Texas when Texas was a republic

40
Q

Texas Revolution: Dates 1835-1836
Define Santa Ana-

A

leader of Mexico during the revolution

41
Q

Define President James K Polk-

A

US president in the 1840 who favored expansionism; annexed Texas in 1845

42
Q

Define Battle of the Alamo:

A

Major defeat in the Texas Revolution when Santa Ana’s army laid siege and took over the Alamo, killing almost all of the over 200 Texans there

43
Q

Define Battle of San Jacinto:

A

Major victory for the Texans; battle cry of “remember the Alamo;” ended the Texas Revolution and Texas became independent

44
Q

Define Texas Annexation of 1845:

A

President Polk (expansionist) wanted Texas as a state; immediately led to war with Mexico

45
Q

Mexican-American War:dates

A

1846-1848

46
Q

Define Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

A

ended the war making the new border the Rio Grande; greatly expanding US territory

47
Q

Define What land did the US gain (which modern-day states)?

A

Arizona, California, New Mexico, Texas, Colorado, Nevada, and Utah

48
Q

Define What was the border between Mexico and the US?

A

Rio Grande

History Final Exam (4 decks)

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