fish p 1-3 Flashcards
what does it mean to be a vertebrate
to have a backbone
what do backbones protect
the central nervous system
what are the two invertebrate chordates
lancelets and sea squirts
what is ichthyology
the study of fish
what are the three fish groups
jawless fish, cartilaginous fish, and bony fish
why dont fish freeze
they contain the same concentration of salt and minerals as the surrounding waters
what lowers the freezing point in fish
the same concentration of salt and minerals as the surrounding waters
what do fish use as antifreeze
glycoproteins
what do fish replace hemoglobin with as their primary oxygen transport mechanism
plasma
what are two common species of jawless fish
hagfish and lamprays
what are jawless fish bones made out of
cartilage
what has no jaw, no paired appendages, and no scales
jawless fish
how much do females outnumber the males in hagfish
100:1
which species of jawfish are bottom dwellers
hagfish
what do hagfish do when disturbed
produce a milky mucus out of their slime glands
what is the purpose of hagfish slime
to cover the gills of attacking fish and suffocate them
how do hagfish remove excess slime
tying themselves into a knot
what species of jawless fish are scavengers and what do they eat
hagfish eats dead decaying creatures
how do hagfish eat their prey
enter through the mouth and eat from the inside out
what fish has dental plates and what are they
hagfish - they contain horny cusps to tear into flesh
what do hagfish do when feeding to increase leverage
knot up their bodies
what fish can live in salt and fresh water
lamprays
what fish has an oral disk with a raspy tongue
lamprays
what are lampray tongues covered in
keratin
how do lamprays use their tongue to eat
burrow a hole into prey and suck out fluids and tissue
which jawless fish is a parasite
lamprays
where and when do lamprays reproduce
freshwater in spring
what do male lamprays do to impress females to mate
build nests of stone and is she approves they have babies
why are lamprays bad for the ecosystem
they are an invasive species
what is an invasive species
no natural predator, reproduce in large numbers, and consume all resources
what is lampricide used for
to kill lampray larvae
what is the lamprays nervous system good for
nuerobiological studies
what are some examples of cartilaginous fish
sharks skates and rays
what does it mean to be cartilaginous
entire skeleton is made of cartilage
how can cartilaginous fish strengthen their skeleton
calcium salts
what are cartilaginous fish scales
placoid scales
what are cartilaginous fish teeth
modified scales
what is the largest living fish
whale shark
what do whale sharks eat
plankton and fish eggs
what is the smallest shark
dwarf lantern shark
