fish p 1-3

Question 1

what does it mean to be a vertebrate

Answer 1

to have a backbone

Question 2

what do backbones protect

Answer 2

the central nervous system

Question 3

what are the two invertebrate chordates

Answer 3

lancelets and sea squirts

Question 4

what is ichthyology

Answer 4

the study of fish

Question 5

what are the three fish groups

Answer 5

jawless fish, cartilaginous fish, and bony fish

Question 6

why dont fish freeze

Answer 6

they contain the same concentration of salt and minerals as the surrounding waters

Question 7

what lowers the freezing point in fish

Answer 7

the same concentration of salt and minerals as the surrounding waters

Question 8

what do fish use as antifreeze

Answer 8

glycoproteins

Question 9

what do fish replace hemoglobin with as their primary oxygen transport mechanism

Answer 9

plasma

Question 10

what are two common species of jawless fish

Answer 10

hagfish and lamprays

Question 11

what are jawless fish bones made out of

Answer 11

cartilage

Question 12

what has no jaw, no paired appendages, and no scales

Answer 12

jawless fish

Question 13

how much do females outnumber the males in hagfish

Answer 13

100:1

Question 14

which species of jawfish are bottom dwellers

Answer 14

hagfish

Question 15

what do hagfish do when disturbed

Answer 15

produce a milky mucus out of their slime glands

Question 16

what is the purpose of hagfish slime

Answer 16

to cover the gills of attacking fish and suffocate them

Question 17

how do hagfish remove excess slime

Answer 17

tying themselves into a knot

Question 18

what species of jawless fish are scavengers and what do they eat

Answer 18

hagfish eats dead decaying creatures

Question 19

how do hagfish eat their prey

Answer 19

enter through the mouth and eat from the inside out

Question 20

what fish has dental plates and what are they

Answer 20

hagfish - they contain horny cusps to tear into flesh

Question 21

what do hagfish do when feeding to increase leverage

Answer 21

knot up their bodies

Question 22

what fish can live in salt and fresh water

Answer 22

lamprays

Question 23

what fish has an oral disk with a raspy tongue

Answer 23

lamprays

Question 24

what are lampray tongues covered in

Answer 24

keratin

Question 25

how do lamprays use their tongue to eat

Answer 25

burrow a hole into prey and suck out fluids and tissue

Question 26

which jawless fish is a parasite

Answer 26

lamprays

Question 27

where and when do lamprays reproduce

Answer 27

freshwater in spring

Question 28

what do male lamprays do to impress females to mate

Answer 28

build nests of stone and is she approves they have babies

Question 29

why are lamprays bad for the ecosystem

Answer 29

they are an invasive species

Question 30

what is an invasive species

Answer 30

no natural predator, reproduce in large numbers, and consume all resources

Question 31

what is lampricide used for

Answer 31

to kill lampray larvae

Question 32

what is the lamprays nervous system good for

Answer 32

nuerobiological studies

Question 33

what are some examples of cartilaginous fish

Answer 33

sharks skates and rays

Question 34

what does it mean to be cartilaginous

Answer 34

entire skeleton is made of cartilage

Question 35

how can cartilaginous fish strengthen their skeleton

Answer 35

calcium salts

Question 36

what are cartilaginous fish scales

Answer 36

placoid scales

Question 37

what are cartilaginous fish teeth

Answer 37

modified scales

Question 38

what is the largest living fish

Answer 38

whale shark

Question 39

what do whale sharks eat

Answer 39

plankton and fish eggs

Question 40

what is the smallest shark

Answer 40

dwarf lantern shark