Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PCOL Cumulative Final > First Semester Test 2 Cholinergics / Adrenergics > Flashcards

First Semester Test 2 Cholinergics / Adrenergics Flashcards

1
Q

Cholinergics Table

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cholinergic overdose

A

D - Defication/Diarrhea

U - Urination

M - Miosis

B - Bronchorrhea/Bronchospasm/Bradycardia

E - Emesis/ExcitationLacrimation

S - Salivation/Sweating

DUMBELS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cholinergic PNS Receptor subtypes

A

Cholinergic (PANS - Parasympathetic (rest& digest) Autonomic Nervous System)

M1 - CNS Neurons

M2 - Myocardium smooth M.

M3 - Exocrine glands vessels (smooth & endo)

M4 - CNS neuron, Vagal nerve endings

M5 - Vascular endothelium, cerebral vessels, CNS neurons

Nn (Nicotinic Neuronal) - Post ganglionic nuerons, some presynaptic ACh ternimals, CNS

Nm (Nicotinic Muscular) - Skeleral Muscle (nueromuscular end plates)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Muscarinic Agonists

A

Muscarinics - Methacholine

Can - Carbachol

Be - Bethanechol

Pretty - Pilocarpine

Cool - Cevimeline

Actions:

Bradycardia INC Urination

Bronchoconstriction Vasodilation

Miosis INC Cognition

INC Secretions Tremor

INC GI Motility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Muscarinic Agonist Specifics

A

Methacholine - Asthma testing

Bethanechol - Post-op urinary retention

Carbachol - Glaucoma

Pilocarpine - Glaucoma/Xerostomia

Cevimeline - Xerostomia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Indirect Muscarinic Agonist (Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor) Agents

A

Don’t - Donepezil

Test - Tacrine

Griffin - Galantamine

Rogers - Rivastigmine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Indirect Muscarinic Agonist (Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor) Actions / ADRs

A

Actions:

Enhance cognition, mood, and behavior

ADRs:

Bradycardia

Dizziness/Lightheadedness

INC urinary frequency

Nausea

Diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Indirect Muscarinic Agonist (Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor) Specifics

A

Tacrine - off market, hepatoxic

Donepezil - For severe Alzheimer’s

Rivastigmine - mild/moderate AD, parkinsons

Galantamine - mild/moderate AD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Indirect Muscarinic Agonist (non-Alzheimers Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor (NAAI))

A

Even - Edrophonium

Now - Neostigmine

People - Pyridostigmine

Are - Ambenonium

Praying - Physostigmine

Often - Organophosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

NAAI Actions/ADRs

A

Actions:

Increase ACh at the NMJ

ADRs:

Muscarinic receptor activation

Muscle cramping

Cholinergic crisis

Myasthenic Crysis

Organophosphate Toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

NAAI Specifics

A

Edrophonium - Assess Cholinergic/myasthenic crisis

Neostigmine/Pyridostigmine/Ambenonium - Myasthenia Gravis

Physostigmine - Anticholinergic Toxidrome

Organophosphates: Sarin, Parathion And Malathion

Covalently bond enzyme active site leading to irreversible inhibition of AChE (prevents clearance of ACh)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Nicotinic Agonists

A

Varenicline - Used for smoking cessation (Partial agonist a4B2

Actions: Suppress nicotine withdrawal symptoms

ADRs:

Vivid/abnormal dreams

N/V

Constipation

Neuropsychiatric disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Nicotinic non-depolarizing Muscular Blockers (NMB)

Nicotinic muscular (Nm) antagonists

A

Always - Atracurium

Come - Cisatracurium

Round - Rocuronium

Very - Vecuronium

Patiently - Pancuronium

Actions: Competitively bind receptor at NMJ inhibiting muscle contraction

ADRs: Prolonged apnea from diaphragm paralysis

Neostigmine to clear NMB w/Atropine to Antagonize muscarinic receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Nicotinic Depolarizing NMB (Agonist)

A

Succinylcholine - Short-acting

Actions: Continual depolarization of NMJ

ADRs: Malignant hypothermia (uncontrolled calcium release)

Dantrolene to treat malignant Hypothermia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Other Nicotinics

A

Bupropion - Antidepressant & some use in smoking cessation

ADRs:

Agitation, Insomnia, Irritability, Dry Mouth, Nausea, Tachycardia

*can lower Seizure threshold-> dosing limitations

Wightloss-> can be a favorable adverse effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Alpha 1 Adrenergic Table

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Alpha 2 Adrenergic Table

A
18
Q

Direct Antimuscarinic (antagonists) Agents

A
19
Q

Antimuscarinic (antagonists) Actions/ADRs

A

Actions: Tachycardia, Bronchodilation, Mydriasis, DEC secretions, DEC GI motility, DEC urination, DEC cognition, DEC tremor, Vasoconstriction

ADRs:

Anticholinergic Toxidrome

20
Q

​Anticholinergic Toxidrome

A

Hot / Dry / Crazy

21
Q

Adrenergics - Amphetamines

A

Mad - Methamphetamine

About - Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine

Dead - Dextroamphetamine

Lizards - Lisdexamphetamine - Binge eating, prodrug of Dextroamphetamine

Actions: Promotes release of NE and some Dopamine

Specifics: ADHD, Obesity, Narcolepsy, Central Stimulants

22
Q

Adrenergics - Non-Amphetamines

A

M. - Methylphenidate

D. - Dexmethylphenidate

Actions: Promotes release of dopamine and some NE

23
Q

Adrenergics - Others

A

C - Cocaine

A - Atomoxetine

Mo - Modafinil

Actions: Increase SANS effect

Specifics: ADHD, Topical anaesthesia, Narcolepsy, Circadian Rythm disturbance

24
Q

Adrenergics - Selective Alpha 1 Agonists

  • rine
  • oline
A

Many - Midodrine

People - Pseudoephedrine

Never - Naphazoline

Order - Oxymetazoline

Pizza - Phenylephrine

Actions: Vasoconstriction, Nasal mucosal vasoconstriction, Contraction of bladder/urethra/prostate, Mydriasis (eye vasoconstriction (dilated pupil))

Alpha Agonizes over 1 select Midodrine

25
Q

Selective Alpha 1 Agonists ADRs/Specifics

A

ADRs:

Any unintended action

Midodrine - Orthostatic HTN

Phenylephrine - Cough/cold IV vasopressor

Pseudoephedrine - Decongestant

Oxymetazoline - Nasal Spray for Rhinitis

Naphazoline - Eyedrops for red eye

Alpha Agonizes over 1 select Midodrine​

26
Q

Adrenergics - Selective Alpha 1 Antagonists

  • Zosin
  • Osin
A

Please - Prazosin - PTSD, HTN, & BPH

Tell - Terazosin - HTN & BPH

Dexter - Doxazosin - HTN & BPH

A - Afluzosin - BPH

Scary - Silodosin - BPH (Least hypotensive)

Tale - Tamsulosin - BPH

Actions: Decrease BP, Relaxation of prostate smooth muscle

ADRs: Hypotension via vasodilation (vascular, mucosa, eye), Reflex tachycardia, First dose phenomenon, Dizzyness

-Zosin antagonizes 1 select alpha male

27
Q

Adrenergics - Selective Alpha 2 Agonists

A

C - Clonidine - HTN, ADHD, Withdrawal, Muscle spasm

T - Tizanidine /

Men - Methyldopa - HTN in pregnancy

Grow - Guanfacine - Peds ADHD, Old HTN drug

Big - Brimonide - Glaucoma (drops)

And - Apraclonidine /

Douchey - Dexmedetomidine - IV sedative w/ analgesic properties

Clon I Dine** with **2 select agonizing alphas

28
Q

Selective Alpha 2 Antagonists

A

Yohimbine - Antagonizes a2

Used for ED (non-FDA approved)

29
Q

Adrenergics - Nonselective Alpha Antagonists

A

Phenoxybenzamine - Antagonize all a - Oral

Phentolamine - Antagonize all a - IV/IM

Used for diagnosis/treatment of pheochromocytoma

May be used for treatment of extravasation from IV a1 agonist

ADRs: Nasal congestion, miosis, orthostatic HTN

30
Q

Beta 1 Adrenergic Table

A
31
Q

Beta 2 Adrenergic Table

A
32
Q

Adrenergics - Selective Beta 1 Agonists

A

Dobutamine - Beta 1 agonist

Specifics: Cardiogenic shock; Septic shock; Acute CHF; Vasopressor

33
Q

Adrenergics - Selective Beta 1 Antagonists

A

Always - Acebutolol

Always - Atenolol

Buy - Betaxolol

Big - Bisoprolol

Epic - Esmolol

Modern - Metoprolol - Most common

Novels - Nebivolol - Generally maintains selectivity

ADR:

Non-selective at high dose

Beta Blockers, LOL!

34
Q

Adrenergics - Selective Beta 2 Agonists

A

Albert - Albuterol - Short acting

Left - Levalbuterol /

For - Formoterol

Sydney - Salmeterol

Today - Terbutaline

Specifics: Local admin for Asthma/Bronchospasm

Beta -rol 2 sydney Agon

35
Q

Adrenergics - Non-Selective Beta Antagonists

A

Tender - **Timolol **

Loving - Levobunolol - Eye Drops

Care - Carteolol /

Never - Nadalol - Portal HTN

Produces - Propranolol - Migraine

Strong - Sotalol - Anti-arrhythmic

People - Pindolol

36
Q

Adrenergics - Beta 3 Agonists

A

Mirabegron - Overactive bladder

Actions: Relaxation of detrusor muscle (INC bladder capacity)

ADR: INC BP, Tachycardia

37
Q

Adrenergics - Beta 1,2, and Alpha 1 Antagonists

A

Labetalol - Tachy and HTN (HTN from hitting A1, treats HTN in Pregnancy)

Carvedilol - Same as above plus great for Systolic HF (along with metoprolol and Bisoprolol)

ADRs:

First dose Phenomenon, reflex tachy

38
Q

Adrenergics - Vasopressors (adrenergic agonists)

A

Selective a1 Agonist

Phenylephrine (IV) - INC Vascular Resistance

Selective B Agonist

Dobutamine (IV) - Cardiogenic shock, septic shock, and acute CHF

Non-Selective B Agonist

Isoproterenol (IV) - Positive inotrope

39
Q

Adrenergics - Vasopressors (adrenergic agonists) - Catecholamines

A

Agonist at a1, a2, & B1

Norepinephrine (IV) - (Primarily a1, with negligible a2, and B1) Hypotension, Shock, and Sepsis

Nonselective Adrenergic Agonist

Epinephrine - (Low dose: B, High dose: a as well as B), Shock, Anaphylaxis, Asystole, Hypotension (Can be used with topical anaesthetics as vasoconstriction prolongs anaesthetic effect)

40
Q

Adrenergics - Vasopressors (adrenergic agonists) Dopamine receptor Agonists (D1)

A

Dopamine (IV) - (Low dose hits D1, Moderate dose adds B1, and at High dose add a1) (loosely mimics epinephrine) a1 and B1 override D1 activation. Renal benefit lost at high dose

Actions: Vasodilation of Coronary Vessels, INC GFR (renal vasodilation)

ADRs: Hypoperfusion, Dysrhythmias, Peripheral IV concerns

PCOL Cumulative Final (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions