Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PCOL Cumulative Final > First Semester Test 2 Cholinergics / Adrenergics > Flashcards

First Semester Test 2 Cholinergics / Adrenergics Flashcards

1
Q

Cholinergics Table

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cholinergic overdose

A

D - Defication/Diarrhea

U - Urination

M - Miosis

B - Bronchorrhea/Bronchospasm/Bradycardia

E - Emesis/ExcitationLacrimation

S - Salivation/Sweating

DUMBELS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cholinergic PNS Receptor subtypes

A

Cholinergic (PANS - Parasympathetic (rest& digest) Autonomic Nervous System)

M1 - CNS Neurons

M2 - Myocardium smooth M.

M3 - Exocrine glands vessels (smooth & endo)

M4 - CNS neuron, Vagal nerve endings

M5 - Vascular endothelium, cerebral vessels, CNS neurons

Nn (Nicotinic Neuronal) - Post ganglionic nuerons, some presynaptic ACh ternimals, CNS

Nm (Nicotinic Muscular) - Skeleral Muscle (nueromuscular end plates)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Muscarinic Agonists

A

Muscarinics - Methacholine

Can - Carbachol

Be - Bethanechol

Pretty - Pilocarpine

Cool - Cevimeline

Actions:

Bradycardia INC Urination

Bronchoconstriction Vasodilation

Miosis INC Cognition

INC Secretions Tremor

INC GI Motility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Muscarinic Agonist Specifics

A

Methacholine - Asthma testing

Bethanechol - Post-op urinary retention

Carbachol - Glaucoma

Pilocarpine - Glaucoma/Xerostomia

Cevimeline - Xerostomia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Indirect Muscarinic Agonist (Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor) Agents

A

Don’t - Donepezil

Test - Tacrine

Griffin - Galantamine

Rogers - Rivastigmine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Indirect Muscarinic Agonist (Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor) Actions / ADRs

A

Actions:

Enhance cognition, mood, and behavior

ADRs:

Bradycardia

Dizziness/Lightheadedness

INC urinary frequency

Nausea

Diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Indirect Muscarinic Agonist (Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor) Specifics

A

Tacrine - off market, hepatoxic

Donepezil - For severe Alzheimer’s

Rivastigmine - mild/moderate AD, parkinsons

Galantamine - mild/moderate AD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Indirect Muscarinic Agonist (non-Alzheimers Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor (NAAI))

A

Even - Edrophonium

Now - Neostigmine

People - Pyridostigmine

Are - Ambenonium

Praying - Physostigmine

Often - Organophosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

NAAI Actions/ADRs

A

Actions:

Increase ACh at the NMJ

ADRs:

Muscarinic receptor activation

Muscle cramping

Cholinergic crisis

Myasthenic Crysis

Organophosphate Toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

NAAI Specifics

A

Edrophonium - Assess Cholinergic/myasthenic crisis

Neostigmine/Pyridostigmine/Ambenonium - Myasthenia Gravis

Physostigmine - Anticholinergic Toxidrome

Organophosphates: Sarin, Parathion And Malathion

Covalently bond enzyme active site leading to irreversible inhibition of AChE (prevents clearance of ACh)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Nicotinic Agonists

A

Varenicline - Used for smoking cessation (Partial agonist a4B2

Actions: Suppress nicotine withdrawal symptoms

ADRs:

Vivid/abnormal dreams

N/V

Constipation

Neuropsychiatric disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Nicotinic non-depolarizing Muscular Blockers (NMB)

Nicotinic muscular (Nm) antagonists

A

Always - Atracurium

Come - Cisatracurium

Round - Rocuronium

Very - Vecuronium

Patiently - Pancuronium

Actions: Competitively bind receptor at NMJ inhibiting muscle contraction

ADRs: Prolonged apnea from diaphragm paralysis

Neostigmine to clear NMB w/Atropine to Antagonize muscarinic receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Nicotinic Depolarizing NMB (Agonist)

A

Succinylcholine - Short-acting

Actions: Continual depolarization of NMJ

ADRs: Malignant hypothermia (uncontrolled calcium release)

Dantrolene to treat malignant Hypothermia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Other Nicotinics

A

Bupropion - Antidepressant & some use in smoking cessation

ADRs:

Agitation, Insomnia, Irritability, Dry Mouth, Nausea, Tachycardia

*can lower Seizure threshold-> dosing limitations

Wightloss-> can be a favorable adverse effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Alpha 1 Adrenergic Table

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Alpha 2 Adrenergic Table

18
Q

Direct Antimuscarinic (antagonists) Agents

19
Q

Antimuscarinic (antagonists) Actions/ADRs

A

Actions: Tachycardia, Bronchodilation, Mydriasis, DEC secretions, DEC GI motility, DEC urination, DEC cognition, DEC tremor, Vasoconstriction

ADRs:

Anticholinergic Toxidrome

20
Q

​Anticholinergic Toxidrome

A

Hot / Dry / Crazy

21
Q

Adrenergics - Amphetamines

A

Mad - Methamphetamine

About - Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine

Dead - Dextroamphetamine

Lizards - Lisdexamphetamine - Binge eating, prodrug of Dextroamphetamine

Actions: Promotes release of NE and some Dopamine

Specifics: ADHD, Obesity, Narcolepsy, Central Stimulants

22
Q

Adrenergics - Non-Amphetamines

A

M. - Methylphenidate

D. - Dexmethylphenidate

Actions: Promotes release of dopamine and some NE

23
Q

Adrenergics - Others

A

C - Cocaine

A - Atomoxetine

Mo - Modafinil

Actions: Increase SANS effect

Specifics: ADHD, Topical anaesthesia, Narcolepsy, Circadian Rythm disturbance

24
Q

Adrenergics - Selective Alpha 1 Agonists

  • rine
  • oline
A

Many - Midodrine

People - Pseudoephedrine

Never - Naphazoline

Order - Oxymetazoline

Pizza - Phenylephrine

Actions: Vasoconstriction, Nasal mucosal vasoconstriction, Contraction of bladder/urethra/prostate, Mydriasis (eye vasoconstriction (dilated pupil))

Alpha Agonizes over 1 select Midodrine

25
Selective Alpha 1 Agonists ADRs/Specifics
**ADRs:** Any unintended action Midodrine - **Orthostatic HTN** Phenylephrine - **Cough/cold IV vasopressor** Pseudoephedrine - **Decongestant** Oxymetazoline - **Nasal Spray for Rhinitis** Naphazoline - **Eyedrops for red eye** **_Alpha Agonizes_** over **_1 select_** Midodrine​
26
Adrenergics - Selective Alpha 1 Antagonists - Zosin - Osin
Please - **Prazosin** - PTSD, HTN, & BPH Tell - **Terazosin** - HTN & BPH Dexter - **Doxazosin** - HTN & BPH A - **Afluzosin -** BPH Scary - **Silodosin -** BPH (Least hypotensive) Tale - **Tamsulosin -** BPH **Actions:** Decrease BP, Relaxation of prostate smooth muscle **ADRs:** Hypotension via vasodilation (vascular, mucosa, eye), Reflex tachycardia, First dose phenomenon, Dizzyness **_-Zosin antagonizes 1 select alpha_** male
27
Adrenergics - Selective Alpha 2 Agonists
C - **Clonidine** - HTN, ADHD, Withdrawal, Muscle spasm T - **Tizanidine /** Men - **Methyldopa** - HTN in pregnancy Grow - **Guanfacine** - Peds ADHD, Old HTN drug Big - **Brimonide** - Glaucoma (drops) And - **Apraclonidine /** Douchey - **Dexmedetomidine** - IV sedative w/ analgesic properties **_Clon I Dine**_ with _**2 select agonizing alphas_**
28
Selective Alpha 2 Antagonists
**Yohimbine** - Antagonizes a2 Used for ED (non-FDA approved)
29
Adrenergics - Nonselective Alpha Antagonists
**Phenoxybenzamine** - Antagonize all a - Oral **Phentolamine** - Antagonize all a - IV/IM Used for diagnosis/treatment of pheochromocytoma May be used for treatment of extravasation from IV a1 agonist **ADRs:** Nasal congestion, miosis, orthostatic HTN
30
Beta 1 Adrenergic Table
31
Beta 2 Adrenergic Table
32
Adrenergics - Selective Beta 1 Agonists
**Dobutamine** - Beta 1 agonist **Specifics:** Cardiogenic shock; Septic shock; Acute CHF; Vasopressor
33
Adrenergics - Selective Beta 1 Antagonists
Always - **Acebutolol** Always - **Atenolol** Buy - **Betaxolol** Big - **Bisoprolol** Epic - **Esmolol** Modern - **Metoprolol -** Most common Novels - **Nebivolol -** Generally maintains selectivity **ADR:** Non-selective at high dose **_Beta Blockers, LOL!_**
34
Adrenergics - Selective Beta 2 Agonists
Albert - **Albuterol** - Short acting Left - **Levalbuterol /** For - **Formoterol** Sydney - **Salmeterol** Today - **Terbutaline** **Specifics:** Local admin for Asthma/Bronchospasm **_Beta -rol 2 sydney Agon_**
35
Adrenergics - Non-Selective Beta Antagonists
Tender - **Timolol \** Loving - **Levobunolol** - Eye Drops Care - **Carteolol /** Never - **Nadalol** - Portal HTN Produces - **Propranolol** - Migraine Strong - **Sotalol** - Anti-arrhythmic People - **Pindolol**
36
Adrenergics - Beta 3 Agonists
**Mirabegron** - Overactive bladder **Actions:** Relaxation of detrusor muscle (INC bladder capacity) **ADR:** INC BP, Tachycardia
37
Adrenergics - Beta 1,2, and Alpha 1 Antagonists
**Labetalol -** Tachy and HTN (HTN from hitting A1, **treats HTN in Pregnancy**) **Carvedilol -** Same as above plus great for Systolic HF (along with metoprolol and Bisoprolol) **ADRs:** First dose Phenomenon, reflex tachy
38
Adrenergics - Vasopressors (adrenergic agonists)
**_Selective a1 Agonist_** **Phenylephrine (IV)** - INC Vascular Resistance **_Selective B Agonist_** **Dobutamine (IV)** - Cardiogenic shock, septic shock, and acute CHF **_Non-Selective B Agonist_** **Isoproterenol (IV)** - Positive inotrope
39
Adrenergics - Vasopressors (adrenergic agonists) - Catecholamines
**_Agonist at a1, a2, & B1_** **Norepinephrine (IV)** - (Primarily a1, with negligible a2, and B1) Hypotension, Shock, and Sepsis **_Nonselective Adrenergic Agonist_** **Epinephrine -** (Low dose: B, High dose: a as well as B), Shock, Anaphylaxis, Asystole, Hypotension (Can be used with topical anaesthetics as vasoconstriction prolongs anaesthetic effect)
40
Adrenergics - Vasopressors (adrenergic agonists) Dopamine receptor Agonists (D1)
**Dopamine (IV)** - (Low dose hits D1, Moderate dose adds B1, and at High dose add a1) (loosely mimics epinephrine) a1 and B1 override D1 activation. Renal benefit lost at high dose **Actions:** Vasodilation of Coronary Vessels, INC GFR (renal vasodilation) **ADRs:** Hypoperfusion, Dysrhythmias, Peripheral IV concerns

PCOL Cumulative Final (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions