FIRST QUIZ Flashcards
response and reaction of the host to the foreign substance
immunology
seen in self-antigen
RBC
creates reaction/response
immunogens
has a capability of the organism to become resistant to one infection
immunity
they inhale small pox scabs
chinsese
he experimented the exposed individual to cow pox
Edward Jenner
acquired in specific virus because of the exposure to another virus; family
cross immunity
it makes the pathogen less virulent; to introduce to the body
attenuation
phagocytosis is discovered by
Elie Metchnikoff
stages of phagocytosis
Initiation
chemotaxis
engulfmint
digestion
it attacks the platelet
virulence factor
intrinsic in coagulation pathway
12,11,9.8,10
extrinsic coagulation pathwat
3,7
common in cuagulation pathway
10,5,2,1
non cellular that create immunity; microorganism that an individual have been exposed to memory cell
humoral immunity
antibodies coat the bacteria
opsonin
who discovered opsonin
Almroth Wright
two kinds of b cell
plasma cell and b memory cell
it produces antibodies in body
b cell
ability of an individual to resist infection by means of normally recent body function;short term;no memory cell,lack specificity; acute inflammation
innate immune system
first line of defense
skin,tears,mucus membrane,wax
second line of defense
BENM
5 cardinal signs
rubor (redness), calor (heat) dolor (pain) functiolatia (loss of function)
In vascular response, the hallmark of acute inflammation is
exudate
which means “there is swelling/fluid because of high permiability
In cellular response the hallmark is
macrophage
cellular response goes to
tissue
how to intersite of infection
margination,rolling,adhesion, diapedesis/transmigration, resolution and repair
cause of swelling of macrophage;they decide whether to pass through
selectin
in the bone marrow
margination
adhesion in the endothelium where the macrophages rolls
rolling
attachment of neutrophils to endothelial cell
adhesion
causes the adhesion
integrins
process of entering to the site of infection; chemotaxis and opsonin happens here
transmigration.diapedesis
hallmark of resolution and repair
granuloma formation
who does the resolution and repair (granuloma formation)?
fibroblast
it has memory cell, long term,specific,requires exposure; higher response to pathogen especialaly if repetitive exposure
adaptive immune system
seen in both innate and adaptive immune system
natural killer cell
segmented;50-75% in adults; it functions as phagocytosis especially in bacterial infection; neutro means neutral
neutrophils
1 and 3%, few, function as killing parasitic infection
eosinophils
immunoglobolins
IgG,IgA,IgM,IgD,IgE
immunoglobulin for placenta
igG
immunoglobulin for secretion (saliva)
IgA
immunoglobulin for pentamisic form
IgM
immunoglobulin for surface of the cell
IgD
immunoglobulin for the allergy
IgE
natural anticoagulant of the body
heparin
for allergic infection;smallest and importance in injuicing and maintaing allergic reaction;release histamine and heparin;prevent clotting; DYE: deep bluish purple
basophil
largest cell; about 4-10% in body; reside in tissue; horshoe/kidney bean shape; contain peroxidase
monocyte
main head of the immune system
CD4
CD4 means
cluster of differentiation
most effective APL in body
dendritic cell
has same function with basophil; function as ACP
mast cell
consider innate; generally larger than B and T cell
NK cells
