First pass metabolism Flashcards
Is a one way transit for food, nutrients and waste
digestive system
Specialized cell types
- PARIETAL CELLS and TASTES BUDS - produced hydrochloric acid in the gut
- G CELLS of the stomach - secrete Gastrin hormone
- VILLI - in the small intestine
- GOBLET CELLS in the colon - secrete mucus that protects and eases the movement of feces in the bowel
Process of Ingestion
- Ingestion - food is chewed and mixed
with saliva, which contains enzymes that begin breaking down the carbohydrates - Propulsion - the movement of food through the digestive tract
- Mechanical and physical digestion - makes the food smaller to increase both surface area and mobility
- Chemical digestion - breakdown of nutrients such as starches into sugar, fats into fatty acids, and proteins into amino acids
- Absorption- when the blood absorbs the product of digestion through the bloodstream
- Defecation - undigested materials are removed from the body as feces
9 organs of digestive system
- Mouth
- Esophagus
- Stomach
- Liver
- Gallbladder
- Pancreas
- Small Intestine
- Large Intestine
- Rectum & Anus
a phenomenon of drug metabolism which leads to a reduction in drug concentration before it reaches systemic circulation
First Pass Effect
chemical reactions in the body’s cells that change food into energy
metabolism
carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle, through the arteries, to the capillaries in the
tissues of the body. From the tissue capillaries, the deoxygenated blood returns through a system of veins to the right
atrium of the heart
Systemic circulation
The ability of a drug or other substance to be absorbed and used by the body
bioavailability
food appears to inhibit or delay drug absorption
full or empty stomach
poor absorption
motality
a reduction in gastric pH in the elderly, in the case of some drugs, affects solubility and thus will influence the rate of absorption.
age
decrease blood flow (maybe due to shock, trauma, or illness) reduce drug absorption
blood flow
an anticoagulant used to prevent blood clotting during open-heart surgery, bypass surgery, kidney dialysis, and blood transfusions
heparin
used for patients with DM (Diabetes Mellitus). Insulin maintains normal blood glucose levels by facilitating cellular glucose
insulin
glucose level in the blood drops down
hypoglycemia
