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ANAT0001 > First Month of Human Life > Flashcards

First Month of Human Life Flashcards

1
Q

At what stage of meiosis is the human egg at ovulation?

A

Metaphase II

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2
Q

What egg organelle is used to prevent polyspermy?

A

Cortical granules

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3
Q

What is the role of the acrosome in fertilizing the human egg?

A

Enables sperm to cross the Zona Pellucida

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4
Q

At what stage of human development are most identical twins formed?

A

Blastocyst stage

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5
Q

What tissue is responsible for implanting the blastocyst into the uterus?

A

Syncytiotrophoblast

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6
Q

What is the role of chronic gonadotrophin in human pregnancy?

A

To maintain the corpus luteum

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7
Q

What cells pass through the primitive streak in mammalian gastrulation?

A

Mesoderm, Endoderm

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8
Q

What mesodermal tissues are formed by the primitive node?

A

Prechordal mesoderm and notochord

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9
Q

What tissues are formed by somites?

A

Bone, skeletal muscle, connective tissue

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10
Q

How does extra-embryonic mesoderm contribute to mammalian embryogenesis?

A

It forms the vasculature of the chorion

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11
Q

What cell types are formed by primordial germ cells?

A

Eggs and sperm

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12
Q

What does the sperm do to reach the oocyte? (Day 1)

A

Penetrate a layer of cumulus cells from ovarian follicle and then the zona pellucida

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13
Q

What is the zona pellucida? (Day 1)

A

Extracellular coat around oocyte

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14
Q

Contents of the sperm enter the oocyte. Oocyte then starts a division. What is the name os the division? (Day 1)

A

Reduction division process of meiosis.
+ Expels a 2nd polar body leaving a female pronucleus
+ Sperm nucleus swells to form male pronucleus

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15
Q

For how long does the zygote stay in the ampulla before being propelled along the uterine tube by the cilia that line it? (Day 2)

A

Up to 3 days

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15
Q

While in the uterine tube, the zygote remains enclosed within the zona pellucida, what does this do? (Day 2)

A

Discourage premature implantation in the wall of the tube
=> would lead to ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

15
Q

To what cell-stage do the zygotes need to be for IVF?

A

8-cell stage

16
Q
A

ANAT0001 (14 decks)

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