First Exam Flashcards
What 3 things must a Veterinary Technician due to become license to practice?
Complete a 2 year AVMA accredited program, pass the VTNE , pass state boards
What is a VPA?
Veterinary Practice Act
States the laws that govern the practice of Veterinary Medicine
Triage
Assigns degrees of urgency to wounds or illnesses to decide the order of treatment
SOAP
Subjective, Objective, Assessment and Plan
Subjective
HIstory, mentation, dehydration, appetite
Objective
Measurable data, TPR, laboratory results
Assessment
Status of patient, differental diagnosis
Plan
Course of action for the day; medications, diagnostic tests
VCPR
Veterinary Client Patient Relationship
Who is the father of veterinary technology
Dr. Walter Collins
What year did the term Veterinary Technician first come to use?
1989
What drug should not be given to a stallion
Acepromazine because it can cause penile prolapse
What does AVMA stand for
American Veterinary Medical Association
What does CVTEA stand for
Committee on Veterinary Technician Education and Activities
What does AAVSB stand for
American Association of Veterinary State boards
What are the 3Ps of professionalism
Professional appearance, professional conduct, professional communication
Define Animal Welfare
How an animal is coping with the conditions in which it lives
What does APHIS stand for
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
What service promotes health, regulates GMOs , administers the AWA, regulates wildlife management and manages the import and export of plants and animals?
APHIS
The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
What is the minimum acceptable standard of care
The AWA…animal welfare act
What does IACUC stand for?
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
Who is responsible for the “Guide”
IACUC
What is HPA
The Horse Protection Act
Prohibits Soaring
Soaring
use of chemical agents to help accentuate their gates
Who are the two leading federal agencies for implementing the Endangered Species Act
FWS and NOAA
What is the goal of the Endangered Species Act? (ESA)
Prevent the extinction of animals and imperiled plant life
What are the 3 classification of ethics
Social, Personal and Professional ethics
What does NAVTA stand for?
National Association of Veterinary Technicians in America
What does the USDA stand for?
United States Department of Agriculture
What does DEA stand for
Drug Enforcement Administration
When was the controlled substance act enacted
1970
What does the FDA stand for?
Food and Drug Administration
What does the EPA stand for?
Environmental Protection Agency
What does OSHA stand for?
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Examples of schedule 1 drugs
Heroin, peyote, marijuana, shrooms
What schedule of drugs do substances that have a high potential for abuse but currently have an accepted medical use fall into?
Schedule 2
Examples of schedule 3 drugs
Ketamine, anabolic steroids, hydrocodone
What are the 3 rules to follow when handling controlled substances and who enforces them?
- Each controlled substance must be logged, and records “readily retrievable”
- Records must be kept for two years
- Anyone handling controlled substances should be aware of federal and state regulations
DEA enforces regulations
What is another name for Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
Mad cow disease
What does CVM stand for?
Center for Veterinary Medicine
What is the CVM?
A branch of the FDA that regulates medications that are used in food animals and ensures that they do not affect the human food supply
What is AMDUCA
Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act
What is the FDA responsible for?
It is responsible for the labeling of prescription drugs and over the counter mediciations
What is the EPA responsible for
Controlling pesticides, disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes
What is OSHA’s mission
Assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women by setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach, education and assistance
What are OSHA’s leadership responsibilities
Provide a safe work environment, establish a safety program, provide safety training
What does OSHA’s “Right to know” law require?
Requires you to be informed of all the chemicals you could potentially be exposed to
Require you to wear proper PPE
Requires safety equipment be provided to you
What does the blue square on the NFPA hazardous material identification system represent?
Health Hazard
What does SDS stand for
Safety Data Sheet
What key information is kept in a SDS binder
Chemical ID, Synonyms, chemical formula, physical properties, exposure limits, target organs, symptoms, first aid, how to handle spills
What is a zoonotic disease
A disease that is spread from an animal to a human
What is CLM
Cutaneous Larval Migrans caused by hookworms
What is OSHA’s only approved way to recap a needle?
One handed needle capping
OSHA’s 300A form is used to report what?
Work related injuries
When using a portable fire extinguisher remeber to use the mnemonic PASS
Pull the pin
Aim low
Squeeze the Handle
Sweep from side to side at the base of the fire
What does the ECP stand for in regards to Blood-Borne Pathogens
Exposure Control Plan
What does OPIM stand for in regards to blood borne pathogens
Other Potentially infectious Material
Examples of computer veterinary management systems
Avimark, Cornerstone, Infinity
What is primary purpose of a medical record
Medical care, identifies the client and patient
Documents history, conditions, diagnosis, treatments
What is the secondary purpose of a medical record
supports buiness and legal activities
Records services rendered and billing
Documents inventory
LEGAL DOCUMENT
What other function does a medical record serve
Supports research
What does a comprehensive medical record support
Excellent care, communication, research and good business practices
Helps protect against a malpractice litigation
Who owns the medical record
The veterinary practice and its owner
What does SOVMR stand for
Source Oriented Veterinary Medical Record
True or False: Source Oriented Veterinary Medical Records are used with a card system and are often Free form
True
What does POVMR
Problem oriented medical record
What are two components of a Problem oriented medical record?
Client and Patient info History PE Working Problem lists Assesment Plan Logs Case Summary
What are the two common types of organization of medical records?
Alphabetic and Numeric
What are the 3 R’s for animal research
Reduction, refinement, replacement
What are the two major federal agencies that stepped in to regulate animal research
USDA, PHS
What were the 8 areas of minimum standards that the 1966 laboratory animal welfare act develope
Housing, feeding, watering, sanitation, shelter, separation of species, ventilation, adequate vet care
When was the Animal Welfare Act as we know it enacted
1970
Which species are excluded from the AWA
Cold blooded vertebrates, birds, mice and rates specifically bred for research, agriculture (Food, fur, fiber)
What year did the AWA establish IACUC
1985
IACUC: The attending Veterinarian is responsible for…
the health and well being of all laboratory animals used at the institution
What is the difference between major and minor surgery
Major penetrates and exposes a body cavity or produces substantial impairment or physical or physiological function
Associative Learning is dependent on what two factors
Contiguity and Contigency
What is Contiguity
relationship between two events in both time and space
What is contingency
The predictability of an association most easily learned
What was Pavlov’s experiment
making a dog salivate to the ring of a bell
Respondent conditioning
Neutral stimulus elicits a reflexive response
Pavlov and classical
Operant conditioning
A type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher
Positive reinforcement
Increasing behaviors by presenting positive stimuli
What is a positive reinforcer?
Any stimulus that when presented after a response, strengthens the response
Positive punishment
The application of an aversive stimulus after a response
Negative reinforcement
The reinforcement of a response by the removal, escape from or avoidance of an unpleasant stimulus
Negative punishment
The removal of a positive stimulus to decrease the probability of a behavior’s recurring
Continuous reinforcement
Reinforcing the desired response every time it occurs
Intermittent reinforcement
When only some of the responses made are followed by reinforcement
Extinction of behavior
removing reinforcements to discourage behavior
Systemic Desensitization
Commonly used to treat phobias
A type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli
Counter conditioning
A classical conditioning procedure for changing the relationship between a conditioned stimulus and its conditioned response
Response blocking/flooding
Prevent animal from escaping fearful stimulus until it is no longer fearful; this is a less desirable approach
Positive pro-action plan Step 2
Prevent or minimize inappropriate behavior
What is habituation?
A decrease in response to a stimulus after repeated presentations
An animal should be exposed to frequently and in a nonthreatening manner to gentle handling that mimics commonly performed procedures
What are the two main uses of medications when in regards to behavioral problems
relieve stress and anxiety or phobias, aid with behavior modifications
What are the four stages of Canine development?
Neonatal, transition, socialization, juvenile
Positive Pro-action plan Step 1
Elicit and reinforce appropriate behavior
Positive Pro-action plan Step 3
Meet your pet’s behavioral and developmental needs
Positive Pro-action plan Step 4
Use the “take-away” method (negative punishment) to discourage inappropriate behavior
Positive Pro-action plan Step 5
Minimize discipline (positive punishment), and use it correctly when necessary
What federal agency is APHIS under (animal and plant health inspection service)
USDA
Who makes up IACUC
1 veterinarian, 1 institutional member, 1 community member
What is the “Guide”
The Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals
Who is responsible for administering the VTNE
AAVSB American Association of Veterinary State Boards
Why is AMDUCA important
It is essential in exotic animal medicine, allows for extra label use of drugs
