First Content Quiz

Question 1

what does social science focus on

Answer 1

focuses on the study of individuals as well of the study of people as members of groups such as families, communities, tribes and other

Question 2

How many social sciences are there?

Answer 2

6

Question 3

What are the social sciences we will be focusing on

Answer 3

Anthro, psych, socio

Question 4

What is anthropology

Answer 4

the study of human beings as a species and as members of different cultural groups

Question 5

Can anthropology be divided into categories?

Answer 5

Yes, two of them

Question 6

What are the two categories of anthro

Answer 6

Cultural and physical

Question 7

What is cultural anthro

Answer 7

Examines how different cultures originated and developed and how they shaped the lives of human beings

Question 8

What is physical anthro

Answer 8

Examines the similarities and differences between human beings and other species through the study of human evolution and human biology

Question 9

What is psychology

Answer 9

Psychology is the study of human (and other species) behaviour and mental processes. Its main concern is with HOW and WHY organisms behave the way they do

Question 10

What is sociology

Answer 10

is the study of individuals as part of social structures, how people’s interactions in society determines their behaviour

Question 11

How to distinguish between the difference social sciences

Answer 11

Sociology – study of large group behaviour
Anthropology – the study of origins of culture
Psychology – the study of individual behaviour

Question 12

What does social sciences use

Answer 12

uses research and analysis, many sub categories

Question 13

what is behaviour

Answer 13

how people act

Question 14

What is discipline

Answer 14

branch of study

Question 15

what is anthro

Answer 15

development of human species and culture

Question 16

What is culture

Answer 16

human culture includes the ways of living of a group of people, including their traditions, inventions and conventions

Question 17

what is psych

Answer 17

study of people feelings, thoughts and personality development, goal of this science is to discover underlying triggers or causes of human behaviour, peoples past plays a part

Question 18

What is socio

Answer 18

Socio— looks at the development and structure of society and how it works, emphasis on group situations

Question 19

Still need key methodical approaches

Answer 19

s

Question 20

What is culture in relation to anthro

Answer 20

many definitions but we will consider culture as: a way of living learned over time and shared by groups of people (components of culture include, but not limited to, language, ability in art & technology, etc., ideas and beliefs)

Question 21

What is human behaviour

Answer 21

refers to the full range of physical and emotional behaviors that humans engage in; biologically, socially, intellectually, etc. and are influenced by culture, attitudes, emotions, values, ethics, authority, rapport, persuasion, coercion and/or genetics.

Question 22

Give three facts about perceptions

Answer 22

Habit makes us fail to perceive things as they are
Learning affects our perceptions by creating expeditions to perceive in a particular way
Once we select what we perceive, we organize what we perceive

Question 23

What is inference

Answer 23

Based on logical conclusion of something deduced
Can be made at any time
Can go beyond what happened 
Can be made by anyone
Involves a degree of probability

Question 24

What is observation

Answer 24

Comment-based on something observed
Only made during and after observations
Must report exactly what was observed
Can be made by only the observer
Approaching certainty

Question 25

define narcissistic

Answer 25

this refers to the excessive interest in oneself, typically includes excessive vanity as well

Question 26

Define first impressions

Answer 26

every individual has these. They may be completely opposite from what the person is actually like. These are more of general outlines of a person’s personality. The big 5 traits are the primary focus of first impressions (see the “big 5 traits” below)

Question 27

What are the big 5

Answer 27

Extraversion— 
	Neuroticism— 
	Openness—	
Agreeableness— 
	Conscientiousness—

Question 28

What is extraversion

Answer 28

outgoing person (takes 5 seconds to figure this out)

Question 29

What is neuroticism

Answer 29

abnormally sensitive (takes several more seconds to figure this out)

Question 30

What is openess

Answer 30

accepting/receptive (takes several more seconds to figure this out)

Question 31

What is agreeableness

Answer 31

enjoyable and pleasurable (takes several more seconds to figure this out)

Question 32

What is Conscientiousness

Answer 32

wanting to do what is right (takes 5 seconds to figure this out), this one leaps out because of its more significant features (these are the people that stay on past)

Question 33

What is the unconcious

Answer 33

controversial thinking has lead to people believing that first impressions are aways right, that the unconscious is accurate all the time— yet this is untrue

Question 34

Who is Solomon Asch

Answer 34

social psychologist, the archaeologist of impression formation.
Quote that summarizes his views: “We look at a person and immediately a certain impression of his character forms itself in us. A glance, a few spoken words are sufficient to tell us a story about a highly complex matter. Subsequent observations may enrich or upset our view, but we can no more prevent its rapid growth than we can avoid perceiving a given visual object or hearing a melody.”

Question 35

What is important about the agricultural revolution

Answer 35

before this, impressions weren’t used, as everyone knew each other in their small bands of hunter-gatherers where they lived. Impressions are relatively new, (last 13 000 years). Reputation, instead of impression, was how others were assessed

Question 36

What keeps “mates” interested

Answer 36

With regard to mates, it used to be thought that we chose people most like us. Now, it is more the unique qualities is what draws us to them. Attractiveness/appearance may draw us in, but it is the information about the person that makes us stay. First impressions count less and less after you get to know the person.

Question 37

Explain about judgement and human cognition

Answer 37

irst impressions are conditional on an array of elements that depend on the circumstance. Our judgments of others vary depending on what is happening in that moment. E.g., Hold a cup of hot tea or coffee in your hands and you’re likely to regard the next person you meet as unusually warm. Sit at a wobbly table, ride a shaky subway, or set sail on a choppy bay and you may judge your date unreliable

Question 38

Explain transient states

Answer 38

mate preferences can change with transient states created by your physical surroundings. E.g., meeting someone in a dirty environment can persuade you to see him or her as morally impure

Question 39

What is the attachment theory

Answer 39

says that warm physical contact between infants and caregivers is essential to healthy development and sets the foundation for trusting relationships in adulthood

Question 40

What is Neuroscience, ínsula

Answer 40

a region in the cerebral cortex, processes both physical temperature and interpersonal warmth and trust

Question 41

Talk about the science of faces

Answer 41

researchers have shown that a glimpse of a face could give a strong impression, often based on solely the shape of the person’s features.
—Thin lips and wrinkles at the eye corners gave the impression of distinguished, intelligent, and determined.
—Persons who were baby-faced were perceived as physically weak, naïve, and submissive, although also honest, kind, and warm.
Research showed that; attractiveness = perceptions of competence and intelligence, and masculinity = dominance.
—The more a face resembled the viewer’s face, the more the viewer was predisposed to like it.

Question 42

What is significant about darwin’s nose

Answer 42

was almost denied the chance to take the Beagle voyage—the one that enabled the main observations of his theory of evolution—because of his nose. The captain did not believe that a person with such a nose had sufficient energy and determination.

Question 43

What did Paulhus’ experiment prove

Answer 43

First impressions are most unreliable when there’s a narcissist present

Question 44

Explain Paulhus’ experiment

Answer 44

Narcissists are hard to read; They make good first impressions but once you get to know them, their good impressions are lessened. According to psychologist Delroy Paulhus of the University of British Columbia.
Paulhus had groups of 4-6 students meet 7 times for 20 minutes each. In the first session, the psychologists determined which of the participants were self-aggrandizing, a sure sign of narcissism, while group members rated each other. During the first 6 sessions, narcissists did well— they were judged agreeable, well adjusted, and competent.
By session 7, almost everyone had come to see the narcissists for what they were—self-boosters who openly overestimated their abilities and skills.
Yet even in the face of the evaporating good impression, narcissism is a double-edged sword: While narcissists find it hard to hold the approval of their peers, they never waver in their own—overblown—opinion of themselves. That capacity carries with it a certain energy and persistence in the face of daunting odds.
Narcissism may not be the best trait for sustaining a long-term relationship or a team, but narcissists do incredibly well in the short-term game—in seducing new lovers or in jobs like sales, where a quick hit can count

Question 45

what is the rule of reversal

Answer 45

“A single piece of extremely negative information undoes a positive first impression, but it doesn’t work the same way in the opposite direction. It takes a lot more to overcome a negative first impression.”

Question 46

who is Banaji

Answer 46

Harvard psychologist Mahzarin Banaji showed that instant judgments can stay with us even after we think we have abandoned them

Question 47

Who is Ferguson

Answer 47

People have some flexibility when it comes to impressions, according to psychologist Melissa Ferguson, who heads the Automaticity Lab at Cornell University. She is interested in how people form, and change, their impressions of others. She has a guy named Bob to thank for her findings

Question 48

What is the Bob experiment

Answer 48

For her studies, Ferguson introduces test subjects to a fictional character named Bob. Sometimes Bob is portrayed as good, with a list of a hundred nice behaviours: He helps a woman carry groceries. He donates time to a soup kitchen. He gives a ride to a friend. Universally, the first impression of Bob is good. When subjects find out he is convicted of a heinous act involving a child, Ferguson says, the good impression of Bob completely flips.
Other times, Bob does a hundred things that make study subjects see him as a moderately nasty guy: He hunts deer out of season, yells at his girlfriend in public, refuses to help a child fix a bike. Then it is revealed that Bob donated a kidney to a stranger.
Here too, Ferguson’s subjects adjusted their opinion; they thought better of him, but they still did not think well of him. “They did not flip,” she says. “A single piece of extremely negative information undoes a positive first impression, but it doesn’t work the same way in the opposite direction. It takes a lot more to overcome a negative first impression.”

Question 49

What is frances west

Answer 49

There is one way to overturn a negative first impression: discovering that we were actually mistaken in what we earlier perceived. Ferguson’s point man for this finding is a fictive Frances West. He is walking toward his neighbour’s house, trudging through mud. He opens a door, knocks over furniture and then takes precious items from the house. West, it is assumed, is robbing his neighbour and impressions of him are terrible. But if subjects learn that the house is on fire and the precious items are the children—if West turns out to be a hero saving children’s lives—then the bad opinion can be overcome. In that case, the bad acts were mistaken interpretations and never occurred; new evidence changes the story completely.
“It isn’t the amount of information,” says Ferguson, “but the strength and diagnostic quality of the information that counts. Yelling at your girlfriend in the street is not as diagnostic, for instance, as mutilating a small animal.” If you inflict injury on an animal, there might be nothing you can do to earn your way back