First Aide Flashcards
What are the four methods of controlling bleeding
Direct pressure
Elevation
Pressure points
Tourniquet as a last resort
What are the three objectives of first aide
Prevent further injury
Prevent loss of life
Prevent infection
What is a pressure point?
A pressure point is a point on the body where a main artery lies near the skin surface and over a bone
How many pressure points are there total in the human body
11 on each side (22 total)
Where are the pressure points located on the body
Temple (superficial temporal artery) Jaw (facial artery) Neck (common carotid artery) Collar bone (subclavian artery) Inner upper arm (brachial artery) Inner elbow (brachial artery) Wrist (radial/ulnar artery) Upper thigh (femoral artery) Groin (iliac artery) Knee (popliteal artery) Ankle (anterior posterior tibial artery)
What are the three classification of burns
First degree
Second degree
Third degree
What is a first degree burn
Produces redness, warmth and mild pain
What is second degree burn
Causes red, blistered skin and severe pain
What is a third degree burn
Destroys tissue, skin and bone in severe cases, however, pain may be a sent due to destroyed nerve endings.
What are the two types are the two types of fractures
Closed/ Simple and open/compound
What is a closed/simple fracture
Is a broken bone without a break in the skin
What is a open/compound
It is when there is a break in the skin with possible protrusion
What is electric shock
When a person comes in contact with an electrical source
What are obstructed airways
The inability to talk, gasping and pointing to the throat, exaggerated breathing and skin turning colors
What are the two type of common heat related injuries
Heat exhaustion
And heat stroke
What is heat stroke
A breakdown of the sweating mechanism of the body.
(Symptoms) are hot n dry skin and uneven pupil dilation
What is heat exhaustion
A disturbance of blood flow to the brain, heart, and lungs.
(Symptoms) are skin is cool , moist & clammy, dilated pupils, body temp is normal or high.
What are the three types of cold weather injuries
Hypothermia
Superficial frostbite
Deep frostbite
What is hypothermia
It’s a general cooling of the whole body . Pale and unconscious, may be taken for dead. Breath is slow n sallow, pulse is faint
What is superficial frostbite
When ice crystals forming in upper skin layers after being exposed to temps 32 degree or less
What is deep frostbite
When crystals are forming in deeper tissues when exposed to 32 degree or lower
What are the different types of shock
Septic shock Anaphylactic shock Carcinogenic shock Hypovolemic shock Neurogenic shock
What is septic shock
Results from bacteria multiplying in the blood.
Some cause are meningitis and pneumonia
What’s is anaphylactic shock
An sever hypersensitivity or allergic reaction.
Causes are allergy to insect stings and medicines or foods
What is cardiogenic shock
When the heart is damaged and unable to supply sufficient blood to the body.
The end result of a heart attack or heart failure
What is Hypovolemic shock
Severe blood or fluid loss from an injury which makes the heart unable to pump enough blood to the body
What is neurogenic shock
Caused by spinal cord injury usually ds a result of a traumatic accident or injury .
What is C/A/B
Circulation/Airway/Breathing
Why was A/B/C changed to C/A/B
It was due to the recognition of the importance chest compression have on successful victim resuscitation.
What does CPR stand for
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
What is the breath to compression ratio for CPR
30:2 starts at the nipple line
What is the rate compression pre min
100 compressions pre min
5 cycles of 30:2
How deep should your compressions be when doing CPR and were should your hands be placed
2 inches deep and hand should be at the nipple line
Who is the head of medical department
Cdr Orsello
What can CPR do
It can support a small amount of blood flow to the heart and brain to buy time until normal heart function is restored
It can by time !!!!
How long should u check breathing for
At least 10 seconds
What are the steps of the survival chain
Recognition: activation of CPR Chest compressions AED/defibrillator Rapid defibrillation Effective advanced life support (EMTs) Integrated post- cardiac arrest care
How long do u check breathing for
At least 10 secs
