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eaws > First Aide > Flashcards

First Aide Flashcards

0
Q

What are the four methods of controlling bleeding

A

Direct pressure
Elevation
Pressure points
Tourniquet as a last resort

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1
Q

What are the three objectives of first aide

A

Prevent further injury
Prevent loss of life
Prevent infection

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2
Q

What is a pressure point?

A

A pressure point is a point on the body where a main artery lies near the skin surface and over a bone

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3
Q

How many pressure points are there total in the human body

A

11 on each side (22 total)

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4
Q

Where are the pressure points located on the body

A 
Temple (superficial temporal artery)
Jaw (facial artery)
Neck (common carotid artery)
Collar bone (subclavian artery)
Inner upper arm (brachial artery)
Inner elbow (brachial artery)
Wrist (radial/ulnar artery)
Upper thigh (femoral artery)
Groin (iliac artery)
Knee (popliteal artery)
Ankle (anterior posterior tibial artery)
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5
Q

What are the three classification of burns

A

First degree
Second degree
Third degree

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6
Q

What is a first degree burn

A

Produces redness, warmth and mild pain

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7
Q

What is second degree burn

A

Causes red, blistered skin and severe pain

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8
Q

What is a third degree burn

A

Destroys tissue, skin and bone in severe cases, however, pain may be a sent due to destroyed nerve endings.

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9
Q

What are the two types are the two types of fractures

A

Closed/ Simple and open/compound

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10
Q

What is a closed/simple fracture

A

Is a broken bone without a break in the skin

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11
Q

What is a open/compound

A

It is when there is a break in the skin with possible protrusion

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12
Q

What is electric shock

A

When a person comes in contact with an electrical source

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13
Q

What are obstructed airways

A

The inability to talk, gasping and pointing to the throat, exaggerated breathing and skin turning colors

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14
Q

What are the two type of common heat related injuries

A

Heat exhaustion

And heat stroke

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15
Q

What is heat stroke

A

A breakdown of the sweating mechanism of the body.

(Symptoms) are hot n dry skin and uneven pupil dilation

16
Q

What is heat exhaustion

A

A disturbance of blood flow to the brain, heart, and lungs.

(Symptoms) are skin is cool , moist & clammy, dilated pupils, body temp is normal or high.

17
Q

What are the three types of cold weather injuries

A

Hypothermia
Superficial frostbite
Deep frostbite

18
Q

What is hypothermia

A

It’s a general cooling of the whole body . Pale and unconscious, may be taken for dead. Breath is slow n sallow, pulse is faint

19
Q

What is superficial frostbite

A

When ice crystals forming in upper skin layers after being exposed to temps 32 degree or less

20
Q

What is deep frostbite

A

When crystals are forming in deeper tissues when exposed to 32 degree or lower

21
Q

What are the different types of shock

A 
Septic shock
Anaphylactic shock 
Carcinogenic shock 
Hypovolemic shock 
Neurogenic shock
22
Q

What is septic shock

A

Results from bacteria multiplying in the blood.

Some cause are meningitis and pneumonia

23
Q

What’s is anaphylactic shock

A

An sever hypersensitivity or allergic reaction.

Causes are allergy to insect stings and medicines or foods

24
Q

What is cardiogenic shock

A

When the heart is damaged and unable to supply sufficient blood to the body.

The end result of a heart attack or heart failure

25
Q

What is Hypovolemic shock

A

Severe blood or fluid loss from an injury which makes the heart unable to pump enough blood to the body

26
Q

What is neurogenic shock

A

Caused by spinal cord injury usually ds a result of a traumatic accident or injury .

27
Q

What is C/A/B

A

Circulation/Airway/Breathing

28
Q

Why was A/B/C changed to C/A/B

A

It was due to the recognition of the importance chest compression have on successful victim resuscitation.

29
Q

What does CPR stand for

A

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

30
Q

What is the breath to compression ratio for CPR

A

30:2 starts at the nipple line

31
Q

What is the rate compression pre min

A

100 compressions pre min

5 cycles of 30:2

32
Q

How deep should your compressions be when doing CPR and were should your hands be placed

A

2 inches deep and hand should be at the nipple line

33
Q

Who is the head of medical department

A

Cdr Orsello

34
Q

What can CPR do

A

It can support a small amount of blood flow to the heart and brain to buy time until normal heart function is restored

It can by time !!!!

35
Q

How long should u check breathing for

A

At least 10 seconds

36
Q

What are the steps of the survival chain

A 
Recognition: activation of CPR 
Chest compressions
AED/defibrillator 
Rapid defibrillation 
Effective advanced life support (EMTs)
Integrated post- cardiac arrest care
37
Q

How long do u check breathing for

A

At least 10 secs

eaws (15 decks)

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