First Aid Substance Related Disorders II Flashcards
how does PCP work
antagonizes NMDA glutamate R and activates DA neurons
Sx of PCPC
rage erythema dilated pupils delusions amnesia nystagmus excitation skin dryness
rotatory nystagmus
PCP
Tx of PCP intoxication
monitor vitals temp and electrolytes and minimize sensory stimulation
benzos for agitation anxiety, muscle spasms and seizures
antipsychotics for agitation or psychotic Sx
flashbacks with PCP
recurrence of intoxication Sx from release of drug in body lipid stores during wtihdrawal
Sx of intoxication of sedatives/hypnotics
drowsiness, confusion, hypotension, slurred speech, incoordination, ataxia, mood lability, impaired judgement, nystagmus, respiratory depression and coma or death in overdose
treatment for sedative intoxication
maintaining ABCs and monitor vital sounds
activated charcoal and gastric lavage
Tx for benzo OD
flumazenil
T for barbituate intoxication
alkalinize urine with sodium bicarb to promote renal excretion
beware of what with use of flumazenil
seizures
what is Tx of choice for opiate OD
naloxone
withdrawal Sx of benzo or barb dependence
life threatening can lead to generalized tonic clonic seizures
Tx sedative hypnotic withdrawal
benzo taper
carbamazepine or valproic acid taper for seizure precaution.
signs of opiate intoxication
nausea, vomiting, sedation, decreased pain perceptions, decreased GI motility, pupil constriction
respiratory depression
signs of opioid intoxication
drowsiness, nausea/vomiting, constipation, slurred speech, constricted pupils, seizures and respiratory depression which may progress to coma or death in overdose
serotonin syndrome
hyperthermia, confusion, hyper or hypo tension and muscular rigidity
treatment of opioid intoication
ABCs
give naltrexone or naloxone in OD
triad of opioid OD
respiratory depression
altered mental status
miosis
Treatment for opioid withdrawal
clonidine
NSAIDs
dicyclomine for abdominal cramps
COWS
clinical opioid withdrawal scale
what are the hallucinogenic drugs
psilocybin (mushrooms), mescaline (peyote cactus) and LSD
intoxication with hallucinogens
perceptual changes, labile, dilated pupils, tachycardia, hypertension, hyperthermia, tremors, incoordination, sweating and palpitations
signs of intoxication with weed
euphoraia, anxiety impaired motor coordination, perceptual disturbances, mild tachy, anxiety, conjunctival injection, dry mouth and inc appetite
withdrawal Sx weed
irritability, anxiety, restlessness, aggression, strange dreams, depression, Ha, sweating, insomnia, nausea, craving and dec appetite
