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Shelf psych > First Aid Mood Disorders and Anxiety Disorders > Flashcards

First Aid Mood Disorders and Anxiety Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

criteria major depressive disorder

A

at least 5 Sx for at least 2 weeks:

depressed mood
anhedonia
change in appetite or body weight
feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
insomnia or hypersomnia
diminished concentration
psychomotor agitation or retardation
fatigue or loss of energy
recurrent thoughts of death or suicide
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2
Q

criteria for manic episode

A

at least 3 Sx of at least 1 week:

distractibility
inflated self esteem
increased in goal directed activity
decreased need for sleep
flight of ideas or racing thoughts
more talkative or pressured speech
excessive involvement in pleasurable activities that have high risk of negative consequences
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3
Q

hypomanic episode

A

distinct period of elevated, expansive or irritable mood that includes at least 3 of the Sx

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4
Q

what can cause mania

A 
antidepressants
sympathomimetics
dopamine
corticosteroids
levodopa
bronchodilators
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5
Q

when are women more likely to have major depressive disorder

A

W>M during reproductive years

W=M before menses and post menopause

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6
Q

anhedonia

A

inability to experience pleasure

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7
Q

main NT abnormality in MDD

A

decreased serotonin and its metabolite 5HIAA

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8
Q

main antidepressant medication groups

A

SSRIs
TCAs
MAOIs

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9
Q

which SSRIs also work on other NT

A

venlafaxine- effexor
duloxetine- cymbalta
bupropion- wellbutrin

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10
Q

side effects TCAs

A

sedation, weight gain, orthostatic hypotension and anticholinergic effects

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11
Q

MAOIs useful for what

A

refractory depression

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12
Q

risk for what with MAOIs

A

hypertensive crisis when used with sympathomimetics or ingestion of tyramine rich foods
risk of serotonin syndrome when used with SSRIs
most common side effect is orthostatic hypotension

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13
Q

what can you add to drug regiment to convert nonresponders to responders

A

liothyronine, levothyroxine, lithium or L tryptophan

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14
Q

first line Tx atypical depression

A

MAOI

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15
Q

5 stages of grief

A 
denial
anger
bargaining
depression
acceptance
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16
Q

Dx Bipolar I disorder

A

one manic or mixed episode

between can have episodes of depression, euthymia, dysthymia, hypothymia. these episodes are not required for Dx

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17
Q

side effects lithium

A 
weight gain
tremor
GI disturbances
fatigue
cardiac arrhythmias
seizures
goiter/hypothyroidism
leukocytosis
coma
polyuria
polydipsia
alopecia
metallic taste
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18
Q

what drugs are used for rapid cycling bipolar disorder

A

carbamazepine or valproic acid

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19
Q

what are the atypical antipsychotics

A

olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone

20
Q

bipolar II

A

Hx of 1+ major depressive episodes with at least one hypomanic episode

21
Q

difference of dysthymic disorder and MDD

A

dysthymic is persistent

MDD is episodic

22
Q

diagnosis of dysthymic disorder

A

depressed mood for majority of time for at least 2 years
at least 2: poor concentration, hopelessness, insomnia/hypersomnia, low energy or fatigue, low self-esteem
no manic or hypomanic. no MDD and not without Sx for more than 2 months at a time.

23
Q

cyclothymic disorder diagnosis

A

numerous periods of hypomania and periods with depression for at least 2 years
not symptom free for more than 2 months
no history of major depressive episode or manic episode

24
Q

triad for seasonal affective disorder

A

irritability
carbohydrate craving
hypersomnia

25
Q

Sx of anxiety

A

palpitations, tachycardia, hypertension
shortness of breath, choking
dizziness, light headedness, hyperreflexia, mydriasis, tumors, restlessness, butterflies in stomach, sweating, GI, urinary urgency and frequency

26
Q

what medical conditions can cause anxiety disorders

A 
hyperthyroidism
vit B12 deficiency
hypoxia
neurologic disorders
cardiovascular disease
anemia
pheochromocytoma
hypoglycemia
27
Q

medication or substances that can induce anxiety disorders

A 
caffeine intake and withdrawal
amphetamines
alcohol and sedative withdrawal
mercury or arsenic toxicity
penicillin
sulfonamides
sympathomimetics
antidepressants
28
Q

what conditions are associated with panic attacks

A

mitral valave prolapse, asthma, pulmonary embolus, angina and anaphylaxis

29
Q

panic disorder

A

an attack followed by 1 month of:
persistent concern about additional attacks
worry about implications of the attack
significant change in behavior related to attacks
specify with or without agoraphobia

30
Q

neurotransmitter changes in panic disorder

A

increase NE, decrease serotonin and GABA

31
Q

treatment of panic attacks

A

SSRIs: paroxetine and sertraline
antideppressants: clomipramine and imipramine
benzos

32
Q

diagnostic criteria for phobias

A

persistent excessive fear brought on by a specific situation or object
exposure to the situation brings about an immediate anxiety response
patient recognizes that fear is excessive
situation is avoided
if under 18 y.o. duration must be at least 6 mo

33
Q

Tx performance anxiety

A

beta blockers

34
Q

Treatment of social anxiety

A

paroxetine Paxil

35
Q

obsession

A

recurrent and intrusive thought, feeling or idea that is egodystonic

36
Q

compulsion

A

conscious repetitive behavior lined to an obsession

37
Q

rate of OCD is higher in what patients

A

those with first degree relatives with tourette syndrome

38
Q

what neurotransmitter is off in OCD

A

serotonin

39
Q

Rx Tx for OCD

A

SSRI and TCA

40
Q

criteria PTSD

A

experienced or witnessed trauma
even potential harmful with initial reaction of fear or horror
persisten re-experiencing
avoidance of stimuli
numbing of responsiveness
persistent Sx of increased arousal
symptoms must be present for at least 1 mo

41
Q

Rx tx PTSD

A

SSRI, TCA, MAOI

anticonvulsants for flashbacks and nightmares

42
Q

difference of PTSD and acute stress disorder

A

PTSD occurs at any time in the past
last more than 1 mo
Acute stress disorder event

43
Q

avoid what meds in PTSD

A

benzos because high rate abuse

44
Q

diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder

A

at least 6 mo, 3+ Sx:
excessive anxiety and worry about daily events and activities
- restlessness, - fatigue, -difficulty concentrating, -irritability, -muscle tension, -sleep disturbances

45
Q

what Rx used in GAD

A

SSRI, buspirone, venlafaxine

clonazepam, diazepam to be tapered

Shelf psych (6 decks)

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