First Aid Personality Disorders Flashcards
criteria for personality disorder
pattern of behavior is manifested by 2+: -cognition - affect -personal relations -impulse control the pattern is pervasive, and inflexible. stable and onset no later than adolescene or early adulthood
Cluster A personality disorders
schizoid, schizotypal and paranoid
Cluster B personality disorders
antisocial, borderline, histrionic and narcissistic
Cluster C personality disorders
avoidant, dependent and obsessive-compulsive
treatment personality disorders
pharm doesn’t go very far
mainly psychotherapy and group therapy
diagnosis paranoid personality disorder
suspicion, pre-occupation with doubts of loyalty or trust
reluctance to confide in others, interpretation of benign remarks as threatening, persistence of grudges, perception of attacks on his or her character that are not apparent to others, recurrence of suspicions regarding fidelity of spouse or lover
treatment of choice for paranoid personality disorder
psychotherapy
schizoid personality disorder diagnosis
voluntary social withdrawal and restricted range of emotional expression
4+:
- neither enjoying or wanting close relationships
-choosing solitary activities
-little interest in sexual activity
-taking pleasure in few activities
-few close friends or confidants
-indifference to praise or criticism
-emotional coldness, detachment or flattened affect
treatment for schizoid personality disorder
psychotherapy and group
low dose antipsychotics
schizotypal personality disorder criteria
social deficits with eccentric behavior, cognitive and perceptual distortions, discomfort in close relationships 5+: -ideas of reference -odd beliefs or magical thinking, inconsistent with cultural norms -unusual perceptual experiences -suspiciousness -inappropriate or restricted affect -odd or eccentric appearance or behavior - few close friends or confidants - odd thinking or speech -excessive social anxiety
treatment for schizotypal personality disorder
psychotherapy
short course low dose antipsychotics if necessary
diagnosis antisocial personality disorder
disregard for others and violation of rights of others since age 15
at lease 18 y.o. for Dx
3+:
- failure to conform to social norms by committing unlawful acts
-deceitfulness/repeated lying/manipulating others for personal gain
impulsivity/failure to plan ahead
-irritability and aggressiveness/repeated fights or assaults
-recklessness and disregard for safety of self or others
-irresponsibility/failure to sustain work or honor financial obligation
-lack of remorse for actions
treatment of antisocial personality disorder
DBT and BT
pharm for Sx of anxiety or depression but watch out for addiction issues
diagnosis of borderline personality disorder
pervasive pattern of impulsivity and unstable relationships,a ffects,s elf image and behaviors
5+:
- desperate efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment
- unstable, intense interpersonal relationships
- unstable self image
- impulsivity in at least 2 potentially harmful ways
-recurrent suicidal threats or attempts or self mutlation
- unstable mood affect
-general feelings of emptiness
-difficulty controlling anger
-transient stress related paranoid ideation
treatment of borderline personality disorder
1) psychotherapy DBT, CBT and social skills training
pharm for depressive or psychotic Sx
diagnosis histrionic personality disorder
pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking
5+:
- uncomfortable when no the center of attention
-inappropriately seductive or provocative behavior
-used physical appearance to draw attention to self
-has speech that is impressionistic and lacking in detail
-theatrical and exaggerated expression of emotion
-easily influenced by others or situation
-perceives relationships as more intimate than they actually are
Tx histrionic personality disorder
psychotherapy
pharm for depression or anxiety Sx
Diagnosis of narcissistic personality disorder
pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration and lack of empathy begining by early adulthood
5+:
-exaggerated sense of self importance
- preoccupation with fantasies of unlimited money, success, briliance
-believes that he or she is special or unique and can associate only with other high status individuals
-needs excessive admiration
-sense of entitlement
-takes advantage of others for self gain
-lacks empathy
-envious of others or believes others are envious of him or her
-arrogant or haughty
treatment of narcissistic personality disorder
psychotherapy, groyp
antidepressants or lithium may be used as needed
diagnosis avoidant personality disorder
social inhibition, hypersensitivity and feelings inadequacy
4+:
- avoids occupation that involves interpersonal contact due to a fear of criticism and rejection
-unwilling to interact unless certain of being liked
- cautious of interpersonal relationships
-preoccupied with being criticized or rejected in social situations
-inhibited in new social situations because he or she feels inadequate
-believes he or she is socially inept and inferior
-reluctant to engage in new activities for fear of embarassment
Tx for avoidant personality disorders
psychotherapy like assertiveness training
beta blockers for anxiety and SSRI for depression
diagnosis dependent personality disorder
pattern of submissive and clinging behavior from excessive need to be taken care of
5+:
- difficulty making everyday decisions without reassurance from others
-needs others to assume responsibilities for most areas of his or her life
-cannot express disagreement because of fear of loss of approval
-difficulty initiating projects because of lack of self confidence
-goes to excessive lengths to obtain support from others
-feels helpless when alone
-urgently seeks another relationship when one ends
-preoccupied with fears of being left to take care of self
** must manifest early in adulthood to be Dx with this disorder**
Tx dependent personality disorder
psychotherapy in groups and social skills training
pharm is anxiety or depression
diagnosis Obsessive Compulsive personlity Disorder
pattern preoccupation with orderliness, control and perfectionism at expense of efficiency
4+:
-preoccupation with details, rules, lists and organization such that the major point ot the activity is lost
-perfectionism that is detrimental to completion of task
-excessive devotion to work
-excessive conscientiousness and scrupulousness about morals and ethics
-will not delegate tasks
-unable to discard worthless objects
-misery
- rigid and stubborn
