first aid and emergency areangements

Question 1

What should a person do if another has a head injury?

Answer 1

They must make sure that the injured person is able to breathe and put them in the coma position, making sure that their mouth and nose are clear

Question 2

What can occur due to a head injury?

Answer 2

Concussion, which is a condition that must be dealt with by experts

Question 3

How can a concussion become apparent?

Answer 3

From a loss of consciousness, very relaxed limbs, weak and irregular pulse, slow and shallow breathing, dilated pupils, and even bleeding from the ears

Question 4

What are fractures?

Answer 4

These are broken bones, which usually occur on the upper or lower limbs

Question 5

What are the signs of a fracture?

Answer 5

• often a snapping sound can be heard when it happens
• pain in the area
• the shape and outline of the limb is abnormal, or it is in an unnatural position
• considerable swelling
• the bone might be seen to stick out

Question 6

What are some common injuries?

Answer 6

• head injuries
• fractures
• hypothermia
• joint and muscle injuries

Question 7

What is hypothermia?

Answer 7

Rapid cooling of the body when the temperature drops very quickly

Question 8

What should an individual do when they see a person suffering from hypothermia?

Answer 8

If the person is wearing wet clothing, remove this immediately and cover them with warm dry clothing or blankets

Question 9

What are some examples of joint and muscle injuries?

Answer 9

• sprains
• strains
• pulled muscles
• cramps
• dislocations

Question 10

What should a person do when joint and muscles injuries occur?

Answer 10

Apply the RICE principle

Question 11

What does RICE stand for?

Answer 11

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

Question 12

What does it mean by “rest” in terms of the RICE principal?

Answer 12

Stop straight away and rest the injury

Question 13

What does it mean by “ice” in terms of the RICE principal?

Answer 13

Try to apply some ice as it reduces swelling and relieves some of the pain. Do not apply it directly but use an ice pack

Question 14

What does it mean by “compression” in terms of the RICE principal?

Answer 14

Put on a bandage or some tape to give support and pressure to the injured area. Do not put this on too tightly or it can cause further problems by restricting the blood flow

Question 15

What does it mean by “elevation” in terms of the RICE principal?

Answer 15

Try to raise the injured body part to decrease circulation to the area and drain away any other fluids

Question 16

What does the RICE principle apply to?

Answer 16

Any soft tissue injury, so it can be used for any ligament or muscle injury and also helps when bruising has occurred

Question 17

How should cuts be treated?

Answer 17

If possible, clean and dress the cut with a plaster for a small cut and a bandage for a more serious one