First Aid Flashcards
Define first aid
The helping behaviours and initial care provided for an acute illness or injury.
Role of a first aid provider?
- recognise, assess and prioritise the need for first aid;
- provide care using appropriate competencies;
- recognise limitations and seek additional care when needed.
Goals of first aid?
Preserve life, alleviate suffering, prevent further illness/injury and promote recovery.
Breathing bu unresponsive?
Recovery position unless trauma
Shock victim?
Lie flat -> passive leg raise if no trauma
Can they deliver oxygen?
No
Can they deliver bronchodilator tx?
Yes
What is used for stroke recognition?
Face
Arms
Speech
Time
Chest pain - suspect ACS?
Give 150-300mg chewable aspirin
Initial dose of adrenaline has not been sufficient?
Give another dose
Exertion-related dehydration and rehydration therapy.
Use 3–8% oral carbohydrate–electrolyte (CE) beverages for rehy- dration of individuals with simple exercise-induced dehydration. Alternatives acceptable: water, 12% CE solution, coconut water, 2% milk, or tea with or without carbohydrate electrolyte solution added.
Eye injury?
irrigating the eye using continuous, large vol- umes of clean water.
Non-compressible bleeding?
Use a haemostatic dressing when direct pressure cannot control severe external bleeding or the wound is in a position where direct pressure is not possible.
Use a tourniquet when direct wound pressure cannot control severe external bleeding in a limb. Training is required to ensure the safe and effective application of a tourniquet.
Bleeding?
Direct pressure
Can they straighten an angulated fracture?
No
Open chest wound management?
Leave an open chest wound exposed to freely communicate with the external environment without applying a dressing, or cover the wound with a non-occlusive dressing if necessary. Control localised bleeding with direct pressure.
Suspected cervical spine injury?
Do not use collar, but manually support.
Burns?
Actively cool for 10 minutes in running water -> dress with loose sterile dressing
Dental avulsion?
If a tooth cannot be immediately re-implanted, store it in Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution. If this is not available use propolis, egg white, coconut water, ricetral, whole milk, saline or Phosphate Buffered Saline (in order of preference) and refer the individual to a dentist as soon as possible.
What is spinal immbolisation?
The process of immobilising the spine - using backboard/collar etc.
What is cervical spinal motion restriction?
Reduction or limitation of c-spine - collars/sandbags and tape
What is spinal stabilisation?
Physical maintenance of the spine in a neutral position prior to applying spinal motion restriction devices.
What is SCAT3?
Sport Concussion Assessment Tool
