First Aid

Question 1

Define first aid

Answer 1

The helping behaviours and initial care provided for an acute illness or injury.

Question 2

Role of a first aid provider?

Answer 2

• recognise, assess and prioritise the need for first aid;
• provide care using appropriate competencies;
• recognise limitations and seek additional care when needed.

Question 3

Goals of first aid?

Answer 3

Preserve life, alleviate suffering, prevent further illness/injury and promote recovery.

Question 4

Breathing bu unresponsive?

Answer 4

Recovery position unless trauma

Question 5

Shock victim?

Answer 5

Lie flat -> passive leg raise if no trauma

Question 6

Can they deliver oxygen?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

Can they deliver bronchodilator tx?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

What is used for stroke recognition?

Answer 8

Face
Arms
Speech
Time

Question 9

Chest pain - suspect ACS?

Answer 9

Give 150-300mg chewable aspirin

Question 10

Initial dose of adrenaline has not been sufficient?

Answer 10

Give another dose

Question 11

Exertion-related dehydration and rehydration therapy.

Answer 11

Use 3–8% oral carbohydrate–electrolyte (CE) beverages for rehy- dration of individuals with simple exercise-induced dehydration. Alternatives acceptable: water, 12% CE solution, coconut water, 2% milk, or tea with or without carbohydrate electrolyte solution added.

Question 12

Eye injury?

Answer 12

irrigating the eye using continuous, large vol- umes of clean water.

Question 13

Non-compressible bleeding?

Answer 13

Use a haemostatic dressing when direct pressure cannot control severe external bleeding or the wound is in a position where direct pressure is not possible.

Use a tourniquet when direct wound pressure cannot control severe external bleeding in a limb. Training is required to ensure the safe and effective application of a tourniquet.

Question 14

Bleeding?

Answer 14

Direct pressure

Question 15

Can they straighten an angulated fracture?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

Open chest wound management?

Answer 16

Leave an open chest wound exposed to freely communicate with the external environment without applying a dressing, or cover the wound with a non-occlusive dressing if necessary. Control localised bleeding with direct pressure.

Question 17

Suspected cervical spine injury?

Answer 17

Do not use collar, but manually support.

Question 18

Burns?

Answer 18

Actively cool for 10 minutes in running water -> dress with loose sterile dressing

Question 19

Dental avulsion?

Answer 19

If a tooth cannot be immediately re-implanted, store it in Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution. If this is not available use propolis, egg white, coconut water, ricetral, whole milk, saline or Phosphate Buffered Saline (in order of preference) and refer the individual to a dentist as soon as possible.

Question 20

What is spinal immbolisation?

Answer 20

The process of immobilising the spine - using backboard/collar etc.

Question 21

What is cervical spinal motion restriction?

Answer 21

Reduction or limitation of c-spine - collars/sandbags and tape

Question 22

What is spinal stabilisation?

Answer 22

Physical maintenance of the spine in a neutral position prior to applying spinal motion restriction devices.

Question 23

What is SCAT3?

Answer 23

Sport Concussion Assessment Tool