First Aid Flashcards
Which documents cover first aid?
TC 4-02.1 and STP 21-1-SMCT, Subject Area 5: Survive
What is first aid?
It is the first care given to injured soldiers before medical personnel are available.
Evaluate a Casualty
- Care under fire:
- -i) Return fire
- -ii) Determine if the casualty is alive
- –iii) Once the enemy has been suppressed, apply a tourniquet if necessary - Tactical field care
- -i) Determine the level of consciousness (AVPU)
- -ii) Check for bleeding
- -iii) Assess for breathing and chest injuries
- -iv) Check the casualty for burns - Tactical evacuation
- -i) Transport the casualty to the evacuation site
- -ii) Monitor the patient for shock
What are the the four life-saving steps of first aid?
- Clear the airway and restore breathing.
- Stop bleeding.
- Treat and dress the wounds to prevent infection.
- Prevent shock.
What are the three types of bleeding and how are they recognized?
- Arterial: Blood is bright red and spurts with the heartbeat.
- Venous: Blood is dark red and flows in a steady stream.
- Capillary: Blood oozes from the wound.
How do you stop bleeding?
- Apply a field dressing.
- Apply manual pressure.
- Elevate the injured limb.
- Apply a pressure dressing.
- Apply a tourniquet.
What are the four types of burns?
- Electrical
- Thermal
- Chemical
- Laser
What must be done to indicate a casualty has a tourniquet?
Mark the casualty’s forehead with a “T” and note the time of application.
What are the signs of shock?
- Cool, pale and damp (clammy skin)
- Confusion
- Nausea or vomiting
- Restlessness or nervousness
- Loss of blood
- Thirst
- Fast breathing
- Fainting spells
- Excessive perspiration
- Blotched or bluish skin; especially around the mouth or lips
What is the treatment for shock?
- Move to cover if possible
- Lay the casualty on their back
- Elevate the legs
- Loosen clothing at the neck, waist, ankles and feet
- Prevent chilling or overheating
- Keep the casualty calm
What are the three categories of heat injuries?
- Heat cramps
- Heat exhaustion
- Heat stroke
What are the two most common types of fractures?
- Open (compound)
2. Closed (simple)
What are the signs and symptoms of fractures?
- Pain at the site
- Discoloration
- Deformity
Nine-line medevac request
Line 1: Location of the pick-up site. Line 2: Radio frequency, call sign, and suffix. Line 3: Number of patients by precedence. Line 4: Special equipment required. Line 5: Number of patients and type. Line 6: Security at pick-up site. Line 7: Method of marking pick-up site. Line 8: Patient nationality and status. Line 9: NBC contamination.
Which three types of first aid are outlined in STP 21-1-SMCT?
1) To prevent or control shock
2) To open the airway
3) For burns
How would you treat a sucking chest wound?
Cover the area with plastic to stop the flow of air. Bandage the wound and lay the casualty on the wound if possible, or have the person sit up.
What does TCCC stand for?
Tactical Combat Casualty Care
