First Aid Flashcards
Which documents cover first aid?
TC 4-02.1 and STP 21-1-SMCT, Subject Area 5: Survive
What is first aid?
It is the first care given to injured soldiers before medical personnel are available.
Evaluate a Casualty
- Care under fire:
- -i) Return fire
- -ii) Determine if the casualty is alive
- –iii) Once the enemy has been suppressed, apply a tourniquet if necessary - Tactical field care
- -i) Determine the level of consciousness (AVPU)
- -ii) Check for bleeding
- -iii) Assess for breathing and chest injuries
- -iv) Check the casualty for burns - Tactical evacuation
- -i) Transport the casualty to the evacuation site
- -ii) Monitor the patient for shock
What are the the four life-saving steps of first aid?
- Clear the airway and restore breathing.
- Stop bleeding.
- Treat and dress the wounds to prevent infection.
- Prevent shock.
What are the three types of bleeding and how are they recognized?
- Arterial: Blood is bright red and spurts with the heartbeat.
- Venous: Blood is dark red and flows in a steady stream.
- Capillary: Blood oozes from the wound.
How do you stop bleeding?
- Apply a field dressing.
- Apply manual pressure.
- Elevate the injured limb.
- Apply a pressure dressing.
- Apply a tourniquet.
What are the four types of burns?
- Electrical
- Thermal
- Chemical
- Laser
What must be done to indicate a casualty has a tourniquet?
Mark the casualty’s forehead with a “T” and note the time of application.
What are the signs of shock?
- Cool, pale and damp (clammy skin)
- Confusion
- Nausea or vomiting
- Restlessness or nervousness
- Loss of blood
- Thirst
- Fast breathing
- Fainting spells
- Excessive perspiration
- Blotched or bluish skin; especially around the mouth or lips
What is the treatment for shock?
- Move to cover if possible
- Lay the casualty on their back
- Elevate the legs
- Loosen clothing at the neck, waist, ankles and feet
- Prevent chilling or overheating
- Keep the casualty calm
What are the three categories of heat injuries?
- Heat cramps
- Heat exhaustion
- Heat stroke
What are the two most common types of fractures?
- Open (compound)
2. Closed (simple)
What are the signs and symptoms of fractures?
- Pain at the site
- Discoloration
- Deformity
Nine-line medevac request
Line 1: Location of the pick-up site. Line 2: Radio frequency, call sign, and suffix. Line 3: Number of patients by precedence. Line 4: Special equipment required. Line 5: Number of patients and type. Line 6: Security at pick-up site. Line 7: Method of marking pick-up site. Line 8: Patient nationality and status. Line 9: NBC contamination.
Which three types of first aid are outlined in STP 21-1-SMCT?
1) To prevent or control shock
2) To open the airway
3) For burns
