First Aid Flashcards
Before doing anything else for the victim, what must you do for his/her safety as well as your own?
Make sure the scene is safe
Before giving first aid to a conscious victim, what is the first thing you should do?
Ask if you may help
What would be some examples of an unsafe scene?
Busy street or parking lot
What is the most important thing you can do to protect yourself after you have given first aid?
Wash you hands
What is a good alternative to washing with soap and water?
Hand sanitizer
A specific set of precautions are recommended by the CDC to protect you
Universal precautions
What are some other body fluids besides blood that you need to be cautious with
Saliva and urine
What do you of with equipment and supplies that have touched blood or body fluids when you have completed your first aid?
Dispose in a biohazard waste bag
Some rescuers and injured people may have an allergy to latex gloves. Why is it important to know this before giving treatment?
So you don’t cause them to have an allergic reaction
What are three types of bloodborne diseases that can cause serious illness?
HIV
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
When removing gloves, it is important to take off the gloves _______.
Without touching the outside of the gloves with you bare hands
What is the chain of survival?
Most important steps needed to treat life threatening emergencies in adults.
The first thing to do when you arrive on the scene is to make sure the scene a safe. What is the next step?
Find out what the problem is?
What should you do after you check what the problem is?
Tap the person and shout “Are you OK?!”
Then look for breathing
Then look for serious signs of injury
Then see if the victim has medical jewelry.
After giving first sick what should you remember about confidentiality?
Keep private things private
When you are providing first aid you should _________.
Wear personal protective equipment.
When you phone for help, you should stay on the line until _______.
The dispatcher says it’s okay to hang up or until someone with more training arrives.
You should wash your hands for at least ________.
20 seconds
When assessing the scene, what should you consider?
Danger to yourself and others
How many people are injured
Where the location is
Where the nearest telephone is
What are the signs of troubled breathing?
If breathing is very fast or slow
Trouble with every breath
Has noisy breathing
Can only speak a few words or makes sounds
If a victim is able the cough, what should you do?
Stand by and let them cough
Call 911
If the victim cannot breathe, talk or make sounds, what should you do?
Act quickly
Follow steps to help a choking adult
Describe the universal choking sign
Holding the neck with one or both hands
After checking the scene, what is the first step you should take in trying to help the victim of choking?
Ask if they are choking
What are the steps to help a choking victim?
Get behind them and wrap your arms around them
Make a fist with one hand
Out the thumb side of your first above the belly button
Grasp the fist with other hand and give quick upward thrusts
Give thrusts until object is forced out
What are some things that can cause an allergic reaction?
Food
Insect bites and stings
What are signs of mild allergic reaction?
Stuffy nose, sneezing and itching around the eyes
Itching of the skin
Raised, red rash
What are sing of a severe allergic reaction?
Trouble breathing
Swelling of the tongue and face
Signs of shock
What is an epinephrine pen?
Small around of medicine that can be injected through clothing
What do you assist a victim in using their epi pen?
If you are approved by your state regulations and by your company
Where is the own typically inserted?
Side of the thigh
Why is it so to act quickly when someone is having a heart attack?
The first hour is the most important
What are all the signs of a heart attack?
Chest discomfort Discomfort in areas of the upper body Shortness of breath Cold sweat Nausea Light headedness
What are signs that women and elderly typically have when having a heart attack?
Uncomfortable feeling in back, jaw, neck or shoulder
Shortness of breath
Nausea of vomiting
What should you give to a victim experiencing a heart attack?
Aspirin
What happens when someone is fainting?
When a person stops responding for less than a minute and then seems fine
What can trigger a fainting spell?
Stands with out moving for a long time
Heart condition
Suddenly stand up
Receives bad news
If a person becomes dizzy what action should you take to prevent fainting?
Make sure scene is safe
Help person lie flat on the floor
If don’t improve, call 911
What are diabetes?
Disease that affects levels of sugar in the blood
What can trigger low blood sugar?
Too little sugar
What are S&S of low blood sugar?
Not eaten or vomiting Injected too much insulin Sleepiness Sweating Seizure Huger, thirst or weakness Not eaten enough food
What are some foods and drink you should give to a diabetic?
Fruit juice Milk Sugar Honey Regular soft drink
What happens during a stroke?
Blood stops flowing to a part of the brain
What are the signs of a stroke?
Sudden numbness Sudden weakness in the body Sudden confusion Sudden trouble seeing Sudden trouble walking, or dizziness Sudden severe headache
What is it important for the time to be noted when a stroke happens?
The first hour can be all the difference in a better recovery
What can cause seizures?
Head injury Poisoning Heat Low blood sugar Cardiac arrest
After making sure the scene is safe, what should you do next in caring for the seizure victim?
Move furniture
Place a towel or blanket under head
What is the cause of shock?
Cells don’t get enough blood
What are the signs and symptoms of shock?
Weak, faint or dizzy Pale or gray skin Cold and clammy Nauseous or thirsty Act restless
What are the steps to care for shock?
Make sure scene is safe Call 911 Get first aid kit and AED Lie them on their back Cover with a blanket CPR if needed
When applying direct pressure to a bleeding wound, what part of your gloved hand should you use?
Flat part of your fingers or palm
When do you call 911 with a bleeding victim?
There is a lot of bleeding
See signs of shock
Cannot stop the bleeding
When would you use a tourniquet?
If the body part has severe bleeding
Once you have a tourniquet in place, you should :________
Leave it alone until someone with more training arrives
It is important to note the ______ the tourniquet was applied.
Time
What are the two main steps to care for a nosebleed?
Press both nostrils and lean forward
In any instance of visible bleeding you should apply __________ ___________ to stop the blood flow.
Constant pressure
What is the danger from broken or loose teeth in an injured victim?
Choking
What are the three types of tooth injuries?
Broken
Knocked out
Loose
How do you hold a tooth that has come out?
Hold by the crown
What are S&S of eye injury?
Pain Trouble seeing Bruising Bleeding Redness, swelling
How do you treat an irritant in the eye?
Rinse with water
If the victim has a sharp object embedded in the eye, what should you do?
Leave it
What do you do with a limb or body part that has been amputated?
Save the body part
What should you do to preserve an amputated body part??
Keep it cool
What are some scenarios where there might be bleeding you can’t see?
Car crash injury
Injury to abdomen or chest
Sports
With all bleeding emergencies it is important for the rescues to use ____________ to protect themselves.
Personal protective gear
