First Aid

Question 1

Asthma Attack

Answer 1

Ensure casualty is comfortable and encourage casualty to take slow deep breaths.
Give casualty 4 puffs of blue reliever inhaler.
Use spacer if available, give 4 puffs one at a time. Take 4 breaths after each puff.
Wait 4 minutes
Do again if no improvement
Call 000

Question 2

Fracture

Answer 2

1. Follow DRSABCD.
   2 Ask the patient to remain as still as possible.
   3 Control any bleeding, cover any wounds and check for
   other fractures.
   4 Immobilise the broken bone by placing a padded splint
   along the injured limb.
   5 Secure the splint by passing the bandages above and
   below the break to prevent movement. Tie the bandages
   firmly and away from the injured side.
   6 For a leg fracture, also immobilise the foot and ankle.
   Support the limb while bandaging.
   7 Check that the bandages are not too tight and watch for
   signs of loss of circulation to the limb every 15 minutes.
   8 Seek medical aid.

Question 3

Allergic Reaction

Answer 3

Administer auto injector
Call 000
Comfort Casualty
Inhaler if necessary
Repeat auto injector if necessary
Monitor responsiveness

Question 4

Snake Bite

Answer 4

Calm Casualty and Lie them down
Don’t remove venom or wash bite
Apply pressure bandage on limb as soon as possible
Start above the fingers or toes and work upwards
Immobilise casualty and check circulation
Call 000

Question 5

Burns

Answer 5

Stop drop and roll
Wrap in fire blanket
Cool burnt area under water 20 mins
Remove clothing from burn unless it sticks
Place non stick dressing on burn
Calm casualty manage shock

Question 6

Chest Pain

Answer 6

Advise casualty to stop activity and sit or lie down
Take prescribed medication if applicable
More than 10 minutes call 000
Give aspirin

Question 7

Choking

Answer 7

Encourage to relax. Ask them to cough to remove object. Bend casualty forward and give 5 sharp upward blows with the heel of the hand. Assess after each blow. If not cleared give 5 chest thrusts. Alternate chest thrusts with back blows.

Question 8

Defribulation

Answer 8

Call Ambulance. Expose Chest, CPR Apply Defibrillator

Question 9

Diabetic

Answer 9

Give sweet food or drink

Question 10

Severe Bleeding

Answer 10

Remove or cut casualty’s clothing to expose wound. Apply direct pressure over wound. Lie casualty down and raise injured part above level of heart. Apply bandage over wound ensuring pad remains in position. If bleeding persists, leave initial pad in place and apply a second pad and secure with bandage. Check circulation below wound. Treat for shock.

Question 11

Shock

Answer 11

Lay casualty on their back. Loosen clothing. Maintain body warmth. Monitor breathing and pulse.

Question 12

Sprains & Strains

Answer 12

Advise casualty to rest. Place ice pack on the injured area. Apply compression bandage to area. Elevate injured area.