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Anatomy 100 Concepts > First 20 > Flashcards

First 20 Flashcards

1
Q

To do a spinal tap, where is the needle inserted?

A

between L3 and L4 or L4 and L5

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2
Q

If intervertebral disk is herniated near the lumbar region, what nerve will be impinged? (ie. between L3-L4)

A

of the two nerves the lowest is usually impinged (ie. between L3-L4…L4 is impinged)

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3
Q

Where is the distal radius displaced during a Colle’s fracture?

A

Dorsally

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4
Q

Where is the distal radius displaced during a Smith’s fracture?

A

Ventrally

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5
Q

What is kyphosis?

A

exaggeration of the thoracic vertebrae

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6
Q

What is Lordosis?

A

exaggeration of the lumbar vertebrae

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7
Q

What is scoliosis?

A

is deviation of the lumbar curvature

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8
Q

If there is a surgical neck fracture of the humerus, What nerve/artery is damaged?

A

both the axillary nerve and the deep brachial artery are damaged

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9
Q

If there is a fracture of the mid shaft of the humerus, What nerve/artery is damaged?

A

the radial nerve and posterior circumflex artery are damaged

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10
Q

If there is a supracondylar fracture of the humerus, What nerve/artery is damaged?

A

The median nerve and brachial artery are damaged

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11
Q

If there is a medial epicondyle fracture of the humerus, What nerve/artery is damaged?

A

the ulnar nerve is damaged only

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12
Q

What are the Rotator cuffs muscles?

A

1) Supraspinatus2) Infraspinatus3) Teres minor4) Subscapular

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13
Q

What is a Scaphoid fracture?

A

Is fracture of the scaphoid bone due to falling with an outstreched hand

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14
Q

What will a patient with scaphoid fracture have?

A

tenderness in the anatomical snuffbox and avascular necrosis of the scaphoid

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15
Q

what muscle starts the abduction of the arm?

A

supraspinatus 0-15

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16
Q

what muscle keeps the abduction of the arm after 15˚?

A

deltoid

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17
Q

What muscle keeps abducting the arm after 110˚?

A

Trapezius

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18
Q

What nerve innervates the supraspinatus?

A

suprascapular nerve

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19
Q

what nerve innervates the deltoid?

A

axillary nerve

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20
Q

what nerve innervates the trapezius?

A

CN 11 or Accessory

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21
Q

What is a Boxer’s fracture?

A

fracture of metacarpal necks on the 2nd and 3rd digitsinexperienced fighters break the 4th and 5th

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22
Q

What is the arterial anastomoses of the scapula when the subclavian or axillary artery is blocked?

A

transverse cervical—suprascapular—-subscapular—circumflex scapular

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23
Q

what is subacromial bursitis?

A

inflammation of the subacromial bursa due to supraspinatus inflammation. therefore painful abduction of arm.

24
Q

What vein in the cubital fossa is used for venipuncture?

A

median cubital vein, due to no nerves following it

25
Q

What are the contents of the cubital fossa (from lateral to medial)?

A

biceps brachii tendonbrachial arterymedian nerve

26
Q

what is golfer’s elbow?

A

it is inflammation of all of the flexors that attach to the medial epicondyle

27
Q

what is tennis elbow?

A

inflammation of the extensors that attach to the lateral epicondyle

28
Q

A lesion of the upper limb nerves will damage what part of the brachial plexus?

A

the trunks and roots

29
Q

What nerves compose the upper trunk of the brachial plexus?

A

C5-C6

30
Q

What is another name for Erb-Duchenne Palsy?

A

Upper Brachial Palsy

31
Q

What is noticeable in a patient with Erb-Duchhene Palsy?

A

waiters tip

32
Q

what are the 3 nerves damaged in erb-duchenne palsy?

A

axillary, suprascapular, musculocutaneous

33
Q

How is the arm, shoulder and elbow in waiter’s tip?

A

adducted elbowmedially rotated armextended elbow

34
Q

In Upper Brachial palsy, where is the loss of sensation of the upper limb?

A

on the lateral aspect of the upper limb

35
Q

What is carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

a lesion that reduces the size of the carpal tunnel, compressing the median nerve

36
Q

What deformity of the hand will be seen in carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

ape hand- loss of opposition

37
Q

What happens if the musculocutaneous nerve is damaged?

A

weakness of the flexors of the arm and supinator of the hand

38
Q

What is another name for Lower Brachial Palsy?

A

klumpke palsy

39
Q

what is lower brachial palsy?

A

injury to the lower roots and trunks of brachial plexus and therefore a combination of median and ulnar damage.

40
Q

What are the nerves damaged in klumpke’s palsy?

A

C8-T1

41
Q

If there is a fracture of the femoral neck, what blood supply will be disrupted?

A

the medial circumflex artery

42
Q

If the ACL is broken, what will you see?

A

excessive pulling of the tibia forward

43
Q

if the posterior cruciate ligament if broke, what will you see?

A

excessive pulling of the tibia backwards

44
Q

What ligaments make up the unhappy triad?

A

ACLMiddle MeniscusMCL

45
Q

What spinal nerves are tested in the knee jerk reflex?

A

L2-L4

46
Q

If a patient presents with weakened hip extension, weakened knee flexion and footdrop due to a wrongly placed gluteal injection. What nerve is damaged?

A

Sciatic nerve

47
Q

If a patient has posterior dislocation of the right hip, he presents with paralysis of the gluteus medius and minimus on the right side. What will the patient be unable to do and what nerve will be damaged?

A

the patient has the superior gluteal nerve on his left side damaged. His ability to pull the pelvis up and abduct the thigh is lost.

48
Q

When the achilles tendon reflex is tested, what nerve is also being tested?

A

Tibial nerve (S1,S2)

49
Q

patient has a weakened hip extension noticed when climbing stairs, what muscle is damaged?

A

gluteus maximus

50
Q

What muscles make up the hamstrings?

A

biceps femorissemitendinoussemimembranosus

51
Q

where does a femoral hernia pass through?

A

it passes through the femoral ring into the femoral canal forming a swelling in the upper thigh, inferior to the pubic tubercle.

52
Q

What nerve supplies the biceps femoris?

A

common fibular

53
Q

What nerve supplies the hamstring muscles? what action do these muscles do?

A

the tibial nerve innervates them, they are extensors and flexors of the thigh

54
Q

Fracture of the fibular neck will cause what symptom?

A

foot drop

55
Q

What nerve will fracture of the fibular neck ?

A

common peroneal nerve will be injured causing paralysis of all muscles in the anterior and lateral compartment of the leg.

Anatomy 100 Concepts (4 decks)

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