Fire Prevention and Fighting (pgs 67 - 74) Flashcards
Explain the fire triangle
A fire requires oxygen, fuel and heat. If you take away any of these three things, the fire will stop.
What are some common causes of fire aboard boats?
Spark in vapour-laden air (engine backfiring, electrical short circuit, cooking flames), leaking or faulty gas cooking systems, cooking-related fires, ignition of fat in the galley ventilation system, spontaneous combustion of oily rags, leaky fuel lines into hot areas.
Explain the uses and limitations of water for fighting fires
Water has high heat absorbing properties and is readily available from a hose or portable water extinguisher. But it will be most effective as a fine spray. It should not be used in the presence of electricity.
Explain the uses and limitations of foam fire extinguishers
Foam expands after leaving the extinguisher, suffocating the fire. It works well on burning liquids and fats, but may conduct electricity.
Explain the uses and limitations of CO2 extinguishers
CO2 is heavier than air, and suffocates fire. It works on most fires, but is an asphyxiate, and should not be used in closed spaces unless everyone is evacuated.
Explain the uses and limitations of dry powder extinguishers
Dry powder works well on all fires. It suffocates the fire. It may be dispersed by wind.
What is BCF?
It was a chemical used for a long time in dry powder fire extinguishers. Its use was banned in 1990 to protect the ozone layer.
How should you maintain your fire extinguishers?
Examine them frequently for corrosion and damage. Refill them after use. Shake dry powder extinguishers regularly. Maintain according to factory specs.
How should your gas for your cooking appliances be installed and maintained?
Gas cylinders should be above deck, or in a sealed locker which drains overboard. The system should be protected from the sun and other heat sources. Appliances with continously burning pilot lights should not be used. Gas should be turned off at the stove and cylinder when not in use. Use a gas detector.
What are the safety measures to take when refuelling?
Have your boat properly secured. Turn the motor off. No smoking, naked lights or flames. Switch off the stove and make sure no elements are hot. Shut off the lower parts of the boat. Switch off electricity. Have a fire extinguisher at hand. Clean up any spillage. Refuel in daylight. Do not overfill. Do not leave the filling hose unattended.
How do you prevent fires on boats?
Be clean and neat, especially in the electrical and fuel systems. Place drip trays beneath engine and gear box. Inspead bilges and drip trays to keep them clean. Check all tansk, fuel lines, valves and connections for damage or looseness. Run fuel lines clear of the electrical system. Use a recommended cleaner for cleaning the engine. Keep your engine compartment free of rubbish. All exhaust piping should run clear of any woodwork that might catch fire. Make sure the boat is free of gas before turning on the engine. Keep electrical system in good working condition (no bare wires, emergency shut-offs working and in place, etc.)
