Fire Detection / Protection Flashcards
What is the ENGINE fire detection system composed of?
2 fire loops in each engine, gaseous types
How do the fire loops in the engine fire detection system work?
Both loops must detect overheat to get a fire indication (unless 1 loop is inop)
How is the ENGINE fire detection system powered?
DC ESS BUS
What is the ENGINE fire protection system composed of?
2 fire bottles (1 shot per bottle)
How is the ENGINE fire protection system powered?
HOT BATT BUS
How do the engine fire protection fire bottles distribute the shots?
Both shots (2 bottles) to one engine or one shot to each engine
What happens when a fire handle is pulled?
The fuel valve is closed, hydraulic valve is closed, and bleed valve is closed
What happens when a fire handle is pulled and then turned?
The fire bottle is activated
How long will the fire handle and ITT warnings stay illuminated after a fire?
Until no indication of a fire exists
What is the APU fire detection system composed of?
2 fire loops (gaseous types)
What powers the APU fire detection system?
DC ESS BUS
What is the APU fire protection system composed of?
1 fire bottle
How is the APU fire protection system powered?
DC ESS BUS
When does the APU FIRE EXTINGUISHER button illuminate?
When the APU EMER STOP button is pressed OR one minute after alarm if no further action is taken
When does the APU FIRE EXTINGUISHER red light extinguish?
When fire is no longer detected
What is the sequence of events during an APU fire?
- APU EMER STOP button RED light illuminates 2. Memory item completed - APU EMER STOP button PUSH IN (white light illuminates) 3. APU FIRE EXTINGUISHER button illuminates 4. In the event the memory item is not completed, the APU FIRE EXTINGUISHER button will illuminate after 60 seconds of having the APU fire indication
How is the cargo smoke detection system powered?
DC ESS BUS
How many smoke detectors are in each cargo bay? How many have to agree to generate the fire warnings?
3 forward smoke detectors (2 in agreement), 2 aft (2 in agreement)
What happens if smoke is detected in the fwd cargo bay?
The air circulation fan automatically turns off and the ventilation outflow valve closes (to seal the bay from oxygen flow, protect the passenger cabin from smoke, and keep the Halon from entering the passenger cabin
What is the cargo compartment protection system composed of?
2 fire bottles that can extinguish fire in either the fwd or aft compartment, not both
Draw the 1-2-3 fire chart (indication/no indication, in-flight/on-ground)
See Study Guide
How long will the high-rate bottle fire for?
1 minute
How long will the low-rate bottle fire for?
1 hour
How many smoke detectors are there in the lavatories (lavatory detection)?
2 total, one in the fwd, one in the aft
What happens if there is a fire in the lavatory waste container?
A wag plug melts at ___deg, causing the fire bottle to discharge in the waste bin (for fires not in the bin, the smoke detector will sound and the crew will extinguish the fire with the hand extinguishers)
Is it possible that the gas from the lav fire bottle can fool the sensor into believing the fire is not out?
Yes
How do you test the fire detection system? What items are you looking for?
Hold the test button for 3-10 seconds (over 10 causes APU shutdown) 6-2-2-7 Rule: 6 lights overhead (2fire handles, 2 cargo smoke extinguisher buttons, APU extinguisher button, APU EMERGENCY STOP top half of bottom); 2 lights on glareshield (2 master warning lights); 2 Aural indications (fire bell, triple chime); 7 EICAS messages (ENG 1/2 FIRE, CARGO FWD/AFT SMOKE, APU FIRE, FIRE (Engine 1/2 ITT gauge))
What airplane systems have fire detection and protection?
Engines, APU, Cargo compartments, Lavatories
Are the cockpit and cabin protected from fire?
Yes, the cockpit has 1 Halon fire extinguisher, the cabin has 3 hand-held Halon fire extinguishers (1 fwd and 2 aft) and 1 water fire extinguisher (aft, right)
How are the engines and APU protected from fire?
Engines: 2 Halon fire bottles, APU: 1 Halon fire bottle for the APU only
Can both fire bottles be used for one engine if needed?
Yes
What is the power source for engine and APU fire detection and protection?
Engine Detection, APU Detection, APU Protection: DC ESS BUS; Engine Protection: HOT BATT BUS
Describe the engine and APU fire detection system
Engine has 8? VERIFY pneumatic fire detectors (2 loops) per engine; APU has 2 pneumatic fire detectors (2 loops)
What happens when an engine fire handle is pulled?
Closes engine fuel SOV, engine hydraulic SOV, and engine bleed SOV
What is an indication of an APU fire?
Fire bell, red stripe in the EMER STOP button, APU FIRE is displayed on the EICAS
Will the APU automatically shut down if a fire is detected?
Only on the ground
What happens if the APU EMERG STOP button is pushed after a fire has been detected?
APU shuts off immediately without a 1-minute cool-down, APU fuel SOV closes, APU FIRE EXTG button illuminates
What happens if the APU EMER STOP button is not pushed after a fire has been detected?
After one minute, the APU FIRE EXTG button illuminates
Will the APU fire extinguisher automatically discharge?
No
What happens when a cargo extinguishing button is pushed if smoke has been detected?
High-rate bottle discharges immediately, low-rate bottle discharges after one minute if the airplane is in flight, if the airplane is on the ground (weight-on-wheels), the low-rate bottle will NOT automatically discharge
During flight, can the low-rate bottle be discharged before the minute is up?
Yes, by pushing the extinguishing button again
How can the low-rate bottle be discharged if the airplane is on the ground (weight-on-wheels)?
By extinguishing button must be pushed again
Can the cargo extinguishing button be used if smoke is not detected?
Yes. The high-rate bottle extinguishing button must be pushed twice, once to arm the bottle and once to discharge the bottle (the low-rate bottle automatically discharges after one minute in-flight)
How are the lavs protected from fire?
Heat-sensitive extinguishers in the lav waste bins automatically discharge if a predetermined temperature ____ degrees is reached
What will happen if there is an APU fire on the ground?
The APU will shutdown after 10 seconds, if there is no commanded shut down through the APU emergency stop switch. IT WILL NOT AUTOMATICALLY DEPLOY THE FIRE BOTTLE. Every fire bottle on the aircraft (except lavs) must be commanded by the pilots.
Pulling down an Engine Fire Handle in the cockpit will
shutoff the fuel system, hydraulic fluids, and the bleed air system of the respective engine
The lavatory fire extinguisher is automatically activated when
a certain temperature has been reached
When smoke is detected in the forward lavatory, what happens?
An alarm will sound and the red indicator will illuminate on the rainbow lights, an EICAS warning LAV SMOKE will be displayed in the cockpit, and the flashing amber lights on both the attendant light indicator panels will be activated
Pushing the test button on the fire extinguisher panel in the cockpit will test what
the engine and APU fire detection system and the cargo smoke detection system
How are the engine fire detectors connected to the fire handles?
Through the MAU
Do engine fire loops A and B detect the same area?
Yes. This allows one to be inoperative.
During normal operation, how many engine fire loops need to detect a fire to alert the cockpit?
Both
What does ENG 1 FIRE DET FAIL mean?
Both engine 1 fire loops have failed.
Where are the engine fire bottles located?
The right wing to fuselage fairing
How are the APU fire loop detectors different from the engine fire loops? Describe the APU fire indications.
They are the same. Except the APU fire signal is sent to the EMER STOP red light. When pressed the button will turn white and the APU fire bottle button will illumunate red. The APU fire bottle button will illuminate red after 60sec if the EMER STOP button was not pressed and the APU will shutdown after 10sec on the ground only.
Where is the APU fire bottle located?
The rear fuselage
After the APU EMER STOP button has been pressed, can the APU fuel SOV reopen?
Yes. By cycling the APU master switch
What kind of smoke detectors are in the cargo bays?
Photoelectric fan-type smoke detectors
Where does the smoke detector signal go?
To the MAUs, then the cockpit
What happens if only 1 smoke detector in the fwd cargo bay detects smoke?
The fwd cargo bay recirculation fan and OFV close for 60 seconds without any cockpit annunciation. The other smoke detectors are monitored for 45 seconds and a BIT is performed. It is treated as a FAULT if another alarm is not activated in the 45seconds.
If only one smoke detector is available in the fwd cargo bay, what will happen?
If it detects smoke, the cockpit will receive the EICAS message
What does CRG FWD FIRE SYS FAIL mean?
All 3 smoke detectors in the fwd cargo bay have failed.
Does the fire test test the fwd cargo recirculation fan and OFV?
Yes
Can the low rate bottle for the cargo fire be used as a high rate bottle?
No. It is a low-rate design
What is the purpose of the low rate bottle since the high rate was supposed to extinguish the fire?
The low rate bottle is designed to prevent reignition, allowing time to get the aircraft on the ground. It will discharge for 60min
Where is the fwd and aft lav smoke tested? Is it part of the fire test?
It is not part of the fire test. It is on the fwd and aft FA panels.
What happens if there is smoke detected in the lavatory?
The smoke alarm will sound, a red light will flash on the detector, a flashing orange rainbow light will illuminate, and a CAS LAV SMOKE with the master warning will be shown in the cockpit.
If there is a fire in the lav waste basket but no smoke escapes to the fire detector, what will happen?
The fire bottle will activate at the predetermined temperature but there will be no EICAS message unless the fire is detected by the smoke detector.
Can the water fire extinguisher be sprayed on people?
No. Water Fire Extinguisher: Avoid skin and eye contact with H2O; it contains anti-freeze.
Were the aircraft cargo compartments designed to deal with fire from lithium batteries?
The airplane fire extinguishing system was not designed to deal with fire from high-density packages of lithium batteries.
How should the cargo compartment be loaded to ensure proper operation of the smoke detection and fire supression systems?
To ensure proper operation of the smoke detection and fire suppression systems under all operating conditions, a placard, located on the inside sidewall panel of the cargo compartment and clearly visible when the cargo door is opened, is installed in the compartment to restrict cargo from being loaded to within 2.0 in (51 mm) of the cargo compartment ceiling. Cargo loaded up to the ceiling may cause a baffle effect and prevent dispersion of smoke in the compartment, resulting in delays in detection time. The proper dispersion of fire suppression agent in the compartment may also be affected if the cargo is installed in such a manner that it blocks the area surrounding the protection cage of the suppression nozzle.
PBE
Protective Breathing Equipment
