Fire Flashcards by Miles Pearce

Fire Regulations 2005

Establishes responsible person
Requirement for Fire Risk Assessment.

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Fire Safety Act 2021

Amends the Fire Order 2005. Act clarifies where a building contains 2 or more sets of domestic premesis the order applies:
- buildings structure and external walls + common parts
- doors between domestic and communal

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Types of Fire Risk Assesment

Type 1 - Common parts only (non-destructive)
Type 2 - Common parts only (destructive)
Type 3 - Common parts and flats (non-destructive)
Type 4 - Common parts and flats (destructive)

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Who can complete FRA

Depends on complexity of the property
Competence of individual

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How are non-domestic FRA’s recorded

In line with PAS 79-1:2020

Government advice on buildings

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When is construction work required to meet the requirements of Building Regs

Where building is extended, erected or materially altered Regulation 38 of the Building Regs Approved Document B requires a package of fire safety information be assembled and given to responsible person of premesis.

Fire Strategy often provided to collate that

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Fire Strategy items included

Construction
Compartmentation Strategy
Means of escape and other fire safety features

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Alternatives to ADB

BS9999 - Management use of Buildings

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What are the sepeate parts of ADB?

B1 - Means of Escape
B2 - Internal Fire Spread
B3 - Internal Fire Spread
B4 - External Fire Spread
B5 - Access and facilities for fire service

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ADB Purpose Groups

Laboratories in group #

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ADB Travel distances

18 metres - 1 option
45 metres - 2 options

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Different types of evacuation

Simultaneous Evacuation
Phased Evacuation
Delayed Evacuation
Stay Put Evacuation
Progressive Horizontal Evacuation

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Where do you measure to to get height of building?

To surface of upper floor i.e. not ceiling

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What does Fire Safety Regulations 2022 implement to residential properties

All multi-occupied residential building of two or more sets of domestic properties:
- Fire Safety Instructions
- Fire Door Information

All multi-occupied resi over 11 metres: as above
- Annual and quarterly checks of fire doors

Part 2 in another card

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Fire Safety Regulations 2022 High-Rise Building Requirements

Multi-occupied resi at least 18m or 7 storeys whichever’s first
- Building Plans
- External Wall Systems - inform FRS of design and materials
- Wayfinding Signage
- Lifts and Other Key Fire-Fighting Equipment: monthly checks
- Secure Information boxes: include info on RP and building floor plans

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Building Safety Act 2022 new bodies

Building Safety Regulator
National Regulator of Construction Products
New Homes Ombudsmen

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Building Safety Act 2022

Gateways when constructing new High-Risk Buildings
Golden thread.

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Fire Door Competency

Currently unregulated for undertaking surveys

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Fire Stopping Competency

Currently unregulated

Can you mix and match ADB and BS9999

Avoid this, BS9999 is an approved code of practice. Advice is not to blend them.

Fire Risk Assessment objectives and considerations

Objectives:
- Identify fire hazards
- Consider those at risk
- Evaluate and Act
- Record, plan, instruct, inform and train
- Review

Consider:
- Emergency routes/exits
- Fire detection and warning systems
- Fire fighting equipment
- Removal/storage of dangerous substances
- Emergency Fire Evacuation Plan
- Vulnerable people
- Information to people
- Staff training

What is a Fire Strategy for

How the building is designed to meet Building Regulations & provides compartmentation lines

When does a fire strategy need amending?

Regulation 38 within Approved Document B - when building is erected, extended or material change - fire strategy captures this and should be provided to responsible person.
Escape routes

What does Fire Order 2005 establish

Responsible Person
Requirement for Fire Risk Assessment

Fire Order 2005 who can survey

'Competent person' - sufficient training and experience.

Fire Order 2005 - how can we demonstrate competence

Membership to accredited body: e.g. member of FPA

Minimum level to FRA's

Level 3 - low to medium risk

Which work introduced High Risk Residential Building?

BSA 2022

How often should a fire risk assessment be updated

Annually/on material change

Three things to start fire?

Heat Fuel Oxygen

Principle Legislation describing responsibilities of building owner

Fire Order 2005

What is the Fire Safety Order

The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 - statutory Instrument places responsibility on individuals to carry out fire risk assessments, identify, manage and reduce risks.

Purpose of Fire Risk Assessment

Identify risks: - existing and possible - Help determine chance of fire occurring - Dangers from fire workplace poses.

Steps of Fire Risk Assessment

- Identify Fire Hazards - Identify people at risk - Evaluate, remove or reduce risks - Record findings, prepare emergency plan and provide training - Review and update fire risk assessment.

Give examples of passive fire protection in a building

- Floor - ceiling - fire doors - windows - wall assemblies - fire resistant coatings - fire stopping

Is a fire door passive or active fire protection

Passive

What is intumescent fire proofing and how does it work?

Form of passive fire protection An intumescent is a coating that, when exposed to heat, is rapidly transformed and expands many times its size to form a stable, char.

Which material performs better in fire timber or steel

Timber

What are the different types of fire extinguisher?

Co2 - electrical Foam - Removes elements from fire triangle wet/water Dry - cardboard chemical - cooking/oils

How would you know if a building owner / manager is taking their fire safety responsibility seriously?

- Completed FRA - Implemented FRA - Responsible person designated - Fire Safety plan - Provide fire safety info - Provided training - Regular testing - Fire Strategy/updates info as necessary.

What is a means of escape?

Means of escape are doors and routes that occupants use to get out of a building in emergencies.

What are the key themes of the Building Safety Act 2022

- Duty holder responsibilities - Golden Thread Building Safety Regulator - Mandatory Occurrence Reporting System for high risk buildings - Building Inspectors - Register Building Control Approvers.

Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the combustion process, physics and chemistry,

Fire triangle (oxygen, heat and fuel). - combustion to occur fuel must reach its ignition temperature - Development is exponential, doubling in size within several minutes. - Fire - smoke plume - produces a ceiling jet - the heat then circles downward. - Flashover point = where so hot all objects spontaneously catch fire. Progress of fire into 3 stages: 1. Growth 2. Post-flashover 3 - Decay

the physiological and psychological effects of fire:

a. Heat > 1,000 degrees possible b. Toxic and narcotic gases: Hydrogen cyanide and carbon monoxide c. Low oxygen d. small particles - prevent vision (smoke) e. irritant to eyes and throat, affecting escape.

Please explain how you assessed the fire safety compliance of proposed design for refurbishment of building A

Approved Document B, Volume 2. Assessed drawings, specification and details Travel distances New emergency lighting Fire alarm systems Access for fire and rescue

What does R & E stand for in fire rating

R = Structural load bearing E = Integrity I = Insulation