Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

As-Subah Diploma Course > Fiqh > Flashcards

Fiqh Flashcards

1
Q

Usul Al-Fiqh Al-Islam

A

Islamic principals of fiqh- jurisprudence

Fundamental or principles of Islamic law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Shari’a

A

The way of watering place
The path to followed to achieve salvation
(Follow Quran and Sunnah)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Quran

A

1st source of Shari’a
Kalam Allah- uncreated speech of Allah SWT
6236 verses without Bismillah
500 verses related to ahkam- ruling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sunnah of the Prophet SAW

A

2nd source of Shari’a
The recorded Hadiths in the following books

Sahih Sita: sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, sunan abi Dawood, sunan ibn Mayan, sunan an-Nasa’i, Jami Al- Tirmidhi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Other Hadith Books

A 
Muwatta Malik
Musnad Ahmed ibn Hanbal
Jami al-Masanid of Imam Hanifa
Sunan Al-Shafi’i
Sunan Al-Daraqutni
Sunan Al- Kubra of Bayhaqi
Musannaf Ibn Shayban
musannaf Ibn Abdur Razzaq
Sahih Ibn Khuzayma
Sahih Ibn Hibban
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ijma us-Sahaba

A

3rd source of Shari’a
Consensus or agreement of Sahabas
Ijma of scholars= Mujtahids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Qiyas

A

4th sources of Shari’a
The application of Analogical deduction/reasoning based on some or all of 3 sources
Carried out in absence of evidence from 3 sources

Ex: OH haram bc intoxication-> drugs haram bc intoxication
Self harm= haram -> smoking haram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Fiqh

A

The application of the 4 sources of Shari’a

The 4 sources encodes Islamic Jurisprudence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Faqih

A

Scholar who is expert in Fiqh
Plural of faqih- fuqaha

F: Faqiha
Plural: Fuqaha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Usul

A

Fundamental or principles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ijtihad

A

The process by which highest ranking scholars derive a judgment (hukm) from sources of shari’a by exerting their intellect

Carried out when answer not self evident from shari’a sources. The 4 Imam used diff methodology

No ijtihad for aqidah

Ex: how to pray witr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Taqlid

A

Opposite of Ijtihad

Following qualified scholarship without knowing or asking for detail proof

4:59 “O believers, obey Allah & obey the messenger and those in authority among you….”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mujtahid

A

Plural: mujtahidun

These are scholars who perform Ijtihad- very few mujtahid

Abu Hanifa: 80-150 AH
Malik Ibn Anas: 93-179 AH
Muhammad Ibn Idris al-Shafi’i: 150-204 AH
Ahmed Ibn Hanbal: 164-241 AH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Madhab

A

Plural: Madha- hib

Islamic school of jurisprudence
Written & verbal positions of mujtahid imams within school of fiqh

Those who deny/refuse to follow mujtahid scholars in reality followers of a group of their own trusted scholars.

Contemporary scholars don’t have access to the knowledge of 4 scholars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Muqallid

A

Plural: muqallidun

Muslim who is not mujtahid and follows one of the 4 madhabs without knowing detail proofs

This applies to all Sunni Muslims except a few elite scholars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dalil

A

Plural: dala’il or Adilla

Evidence from the 4 sources of shari’a: Quran, Hadith, Ijma, or Qiyas.

2 types: Dalil Qat’ie and Dalil zanni

17
Q

Dalil Qat’ie

A

Evidence which is definite and free of any speculation in its understanding and application

It’s fardh to believer and act upon these evidence or else you become a kafir

Ex: 5 pullers

18
Q

Dalil Zanni

A

Evidence which has some type doubts or speculation in its understanding and application.

It’s fardh to believe and act upon these evidence. If you disbelieve you are committing bidah- going astray from the sunnah

Ex: masah on socks

19
Q

Mukallaf

A

Anyone who is in full possession of his mental faculties. Once they reach maturity, they have no choice but to follow the shari’a without excuse

20
Q

Muhaddith

A

Scholar who is an expert in Hadith scholarship

21
Q

Tafsir & mufassir

A

Branch of Islamic study that deals with extensive commentary on the Holy Quran

Mufassir: scholar who is an expert to make tafsir

22
Q

Qawli Hadith

A

Verbal or spoken saying of the Prophet SAW

ex: “The prophet SAW said”

23
Q

Fi’li Hadith

A

Actual bodily actions of the prophet SAW, that he carried out in his life time

Ex: eating with the right hand

24
Q

Taqriri Hadith

A

Actions that were tacitly approved by the Prophet SAW, though he may not have carried them out by himself. The approval was through his silence.

If the prophet SAW did not disapprove= approval

Ex: when the athan happened, a sahaba left his food to pray in the presence of the prophet SAW and he did not disapprove.

25
Q

Fardh

A

Obligatory to follow
Based on Dalil Qat’ie
Omit Fardh ->sinful (fasiq) & punishment in true Islamic state

Deny Fardh ->kufr (rejection of faith)

Ex: not praying 5 salahs= sinful and punishment
Saying 5 salahs not required= kufr

26
Q

Fardh al- Ayn

A

Obligatory on every mature and sane individual

Ex: 
5 salahs 
Ramadan fasting 
Zakat 
Reading Quran with tajweed
27
Q

Fardh Al- kifaya

A

Communal obligation-Fardh on community
As long as a certain number of Muslims fulfill this act, the blame on the rest of the community is lifted

Ex: must have 1 hafiz, 1 alim/alimah in community 
salatul Janaza
Enjoying good 
Forbidding evil 
Teaching the shari’a
28
Q

Wajib

A

This is an obligation but of a lesser degree than a Fardh

Based on Dalil Zanni

To omit wajib-> sinful & punishment in dunya & akhira

Ex: isha is not complete w/o witr
Qadha- make up Fardh of missing salah= entire salah

29
Q

Haram

A

Absolutely forbidden to carry out or consume

Haram if definite text to back it- Dalil Qat’ie

Ex: OH consumption, Riba, pig meat….

30
Q

Makruh Tahrimi

A

Something that is highly disliked- nearly prohibited. Near haram because Dalil Zanni evidence

To act upon- No liability of punishment- blameworthy without justifiable reason
To avoid- praiseworthy

Ex: pray at Zawwal (sun highest pt)
Face Qibla while urinating/defecating

31
Q

Makruh Tanzihi

A

Disliked action I order to keep oneself pure
Omitting= rewarded
No punishment for carrying it out

Ex: avoid eating onion/garlic when going to masjid for Jama’a

32
Q

Mubah

A

Anything that is permissible to act upon (Ja’iz)

Dalil to support it

Anything Mubah is recognized as Halal

Ex: eating, sleeping no reward, unless with intention to please Allah SWT

33
Q

Mandub

A

Act that is recommended to do
Reward for doing it
No sin for omitting & no punishment for avoiding it

Ex: 
fasting outside of Ramadan 
Sadaqa: non-obligatory charity 
Visiting the sick 
Ghusl before Jumu’a Salah 
Praying Nafl
34
Q

Sunnah Al-Mu’Akkada

A

Emphatic sunnah that has Dalil to establish it
The prophet SAW always performed it
Reward for carrying it out
leaving it out is blameworthy, but not punishable
Regularly leaving out= sinful

Ex: sunnah rakats of the 5 salahs & 20 rakats of taraweeh in Ramadan

35
Q

Sunnah Ghayr Mu’Akkada

A

Non-emphatic sunnah which also has a Dalil to establish it
Rewarded for carrying it out
No blame for avoiding
No punishment for leaving it out

Ex:
4 sunnah rakats before Asr
4 sunnah rakats Fardh of isha
Voluntary charity

36
Q

Mustahab

A

Praiseworthy actions
Rewarded for carrying out
Similar to sunnah Ghayr Mu’Akkada

Ex: Nafl Salah & wudu before bed

Ishraq: sunrise-10:30; 2 Rak’ats hajj & umrah sawab
Dhuha: 10:30- zawwal; 4-6 Rak’ats gratefulness bone
Awabeen: after Maghrib before isha; 6 Rak’ats
Tahjjud: last 1/3 of night or right before bed

As-Subah Diploma Course (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions