Finding Philippines (unsure which module this is under)

Question 1

The Philippines is an archipelago made up of _,___ (number) islands divided into three geographical areas: _____, _______, and ________. Its capital is ______.

Answer 1

7,107 islands
Luzon, Visayas, Mindanao
Manila

Question 2

Along with its ___ dialects, Filipinos speak two official languages: _______ and _______.

Answer 2

111 dialects
Filipino and English

Question 3

As Asia’s ______ democracy, the Philippines pays homage to the citizens by giving them
power to select the leader they deem capable to lead.

Answer 3

Asia’s oldest democracy

Question 4

The first Homo species on the Philippines arrived during the Pleistocene period (631,000
and 777,000 years ago). This is evidenced by unearthed artifacts found in _______.

Answer 4

Kalinga

Question 5

The earliest known hominin remains in the Philippines are the 67,000-year-old fossil
discovered in 2007 in the ______ Caves, Cagayan.

Answer 5

Callao Caves, Cagayan

Question 6

An earlier find in _____ Cave, Palawan (1962) was fossilized fragments of skull and
jawbone of three individuals, called the “_____ ___”. It was presumed a Negrito, who
were among the archipelago’s earliest inhabitants.

Answer 6

Tabon Cave, Palawan
“Tabon Man”

Question 7

theories of early human migration

Answer 7

wave migration theory, core population theory, out of sundaland, out of taiwan

Question 8

H. Otley Beyer proposed that Filipino ancestors came to the islands first via land bridges and then later via seagoing vessels such as the balangay.

Answer 8

wave migration theory

Question 9

Felipe Landa Jocano proposed that early inhabitants of Southeast Asia were of the same ethnic group with a similar culture, but over time, they differentiated themselves.

Answer 9

core population theory

Question 10

Modern authors proposed that the origin of the Austronesian peoples, including the early Filipinos, were from the sunken Sundaland landmass: modern Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and the Malay Peninsula.

Answer 10

out of sundaland

Question 11

Peter Bellwood proposed that the first Austronesians reached the Philippines in around 2,200 BCE from Taiwan to Batanes Islands, then settled downwards to the rest of the islands of the Philippines and Southeast Asia.

Answer 11

out of taiwan

Question 12

Upon settlement, different tribes and cultures flourished. The early FIlipinos developed a culture advanced enough to trade with the Tamil Nadu (____ _____) in the ninth and tenth centuries BCE.

Answer 12

South India

Question 13

Archeological findings, existing literature and other proof of pre-colonial communities in the Philippines provide evidence of Filipinos’ rich cultural heritage.

Answer 13

Philippines pre-colonial culture

Question 14

The majority of the political system in the early Philippines was led by leaders called “_____”, responsible for ruling autonomous groups called “_________” or “_______”

Answer 14

Datus
“barangay” or “dulohan”

Question 15

old social structure (highest class to lowest class)

Answer 15

datu, maginoo, maharlika, timawa, alipin

Question 16

ruling class, chief

Answer 16

datu

Question 17

noble people/families

Answer 17

maginoo

Question 18

warriors

Answer 18

maharlika

Question 19

freeman, tribespeople

Answer 19

timawa

Question 20

slave — dependent class, which can be _______ namamahay (serfs) or _______ saguiguilid (slaves)

Answer 20

alipin

Question 21

Other areas called their leaders “___________” in Cagayan Valley, “______” in Gaddang, “_________” in Ilocos, and “______” in Zamboanga.

Answer 21

benganganat” in Cagayan Valley
“mingal” in Gaddang
“babacnang” in Ilocos
“timuay” in Zamboanga

Question 22

Philippine folk tales, epics, poems, and chants existed in most ethnolinguistic groups and were passed from generation to generation through ____ __ _____.

Answer 22

word of mouth

Question 23

____ __ ___-___ of the Ilocanos narrates the adventures of epic hero, Lam-ang.

Answer 23

Biag ni Lam-ang (Life of Lam-ang)

Question 24

________ (to spell) was the pre-colonial writing system in the Philippines.

Answer 24

Baybayin

Question 25

_______ was widely practiced in the pre-colonial Philippines. This is a collection of beliefs in the idea that the world is inhabited by spirits and supernatural entities, both good and bad, and that respect must be accorded to them through worship.

Answer 25

Animism

Question 26

These entities are commonly called the ______, referring to spirits including household deities, deceased ancestors, nature-spirits, nymphs, and diwatas (minor gods and demigods).

Answer 26

anitos

Question 27

Tagalog supreme deities include _______ and his children Adlaw, Mayari, and Tala, or the Visayan deity ___-____.

Answer 27

Bathala
Kan-Laon

Question 28

Folk healers were called the ________: shamans and spiritual leaders, and __________: the medicine men

Answer 28

babaylan and mananambal

Question 29

Farmers adapted the _______ (swidden agriculture) to produce staple crops such as rice, millet, bananas, and root crops.

Answer 29

kaingin

Question 30

Weapons wielded by Filipino warriors

Answer 30

balaraw, kris, and kampilan