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GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY > FINALS - UNIT 4 > Flashcards

FINALS - UNIT 4 Flashcards

1
Q

___ related to the functions of the body
and all its parts, including cells, tissues and
organs.

A

PHYSIOLOGY

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2
Q

____ system consists of skin
and skin appendages, including:
• Hair
• —
• Horns
• Sebaceous glands
• —

A

INTEGUMENTARY
NAILS
SWEAT GLANDS

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3
Q

____ act as a protective layer against disease, infection, the sun, and other potentially harmful elements.

A

SKIN

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4
Q

Outer layer of skin, no blood cells.
Superficial covering of __ tissue.
Inner layer of the skin contains bv, lv, ng, etc.
___ layer of dense, irregular connective tissue.

A

EPIDERMIS
STRATIFIED EPITHELIAL
DERMIS
DEEPER

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5
Q

Modified extension, 7 types
__ goats, horses, cattle.
__ sheep
__ poultry
^ composed of protein etc to reg body temp.
Small bundle of smooth muscle fibers.
Stimulated to contract involuntary by ___.
Hair standing=___=___.

A

SKIN
hair, scales, hoofs, feathers, claws, horns, nails.
HAIR
WOOL
FEATHERS
ARRECTOR PILI
NERVOUS SYSTEM
TRAPS AIR
WARM BODY TEMP

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6
Q

Sweat and sebaceous
Secrete oil
Release water

A

GLANDS
SEBACEOUS GLANDS
SWEAT GLANDS

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7
Q

In the dermis, detects touch, pain, heat/cold.
Sense heat, cold, & touch.
Respond to very light pressure
Detect pressure
Sensitive to touch

A

SENSORY RECEPTORS
FREE NERVE ENDINGS
MARKEL CELLS
PACCINIAN CORPUSCLES
MEISSNER’S CORPUSCLES

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8
Q

Framework of the body.
Made up of bones and connective tissue.
Provides structural support.

A

SKELETAL SYSTEM

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9
Q

Protects the brain
Protects the lungs
Protects spinal cord

A

SKULL
RIBS
VERTEBRAE

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10
Q

Works in conjunction with the muscle.
Bones coming off the midline of the body (ex).
Bones on the midline of the body(ex).

A

SKELETON
APPENDICULAR SKELETON (forelegs-arms, hind-legs, bone-pelvic region)
AXIAL SKELETON (skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum)

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11
Q

Has 4 classes
Found in vertebral column.
Supporting column.
Diffuse conclusion.
Protect the body’s organs

A

BONES
IRREGULAR BONES
LONG BONES (limbs)
SHORT BONES (knee hock joint)
FLAT BONES

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12
Q

Made up of organic and inorganic.
Mostly ___ phosphate, hardness.
Mostly ___, flexibility.
Inner core, soft tissue.
Yellow fat.
Outer portion, red tissue.

A

BONES
INORGANIC-TRICALCIUM
ORGANIC-COLLAGEN
BONE MARROW
YELLOW MARROW
RED MARROW

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13
Q

Formed from cartilage.
Process-
Bone forming cells. Develop into ___/ mature bone cells .
__ ossification, occurs at metaphyseal GR.
__ ossification, occurs at epiphyseal GR.

A

BONES
ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION
OSTEOBLASTS
OSTEOCYTES
PRIMARY
SECONDARY

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14
Q

Binds tissues together.
Connect bone 2 bone.
Attach to muscle 2 bone.
Found at ends of bones (acts as cushion)
Makes up body parts(ears).

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE
LIGAMENTS
TENDONS
HYALINE CARTILAGE
ELASTIC CARTILAGE

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15
Q

Provides cushion.
Location between skin & underlying muscle/bone.
Attached to the skin.
Bottom layer.

A

FIBROCARTILAGE
FASCIA
SUPERFICIAL FASCIA
DEEP FASCIA

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16
Q

Articulations (unions) between bones
Has 3 types
Shoulder
Ribs
Suture joints

A

JOINTS
FIBROUS, CARTAGINOUS, SYNOVIAL
HIGHLY MOVABLE
PARTIALLY MOVABLE
IMMOVABLE

17
Q

8 Synovial joints movements

A

GLIDING
FLEXION
ROTATION
ABDUCTION
ADDUCTION
EXTENSION
HYPEREXTENSION
CIRCUMDUCTION

18
Q

Conjunction with the skeletal system
Function-
Activation method-
Physiology-

A

MUSCULAR SYSTEM
SKELETAL, VISCERAL/CARDIAC.
VOLUNTARY/INVOLUNTARY.
SMOOTH, STRIATED/UNSTRAINED.

19
Q

Striated voluntary muscle, movement of skeleton.
Smooth involuntary unstrained muscle, found in digestive organs.
Involuntary striated muscle, found in heart.

A

SKELETAL MUSCLE
VISCERAL MUSCLE
CARDIAC MUSCLE

20
Q

MOVEMENT
Flexes/shortens
Extends/lengthens
Known as __
Muscle that work together to perform movement.

A

Works in pairs
NO CONTRACTS
RELAXES
ANTAGONISM
SYNERGISTS

21
Q

Pull limbs toward median plane (__)
Move limbs away from medial plane(__)
Increase angle(__)
Decrease angle between 2 lever bones when they contract(__)

A

ADDUCTOR MUSCLES (pectoralis major)
ABDUCTION MUSCLES (deltoids)
EXTENSOR MUSCLES (triceps)
FLEXOR MUSCLES (biceps)

22
Q

ATTACHMENT
___ is on the most stable movable bone.
___ is on the more movable bone.

A

POINT OF ORIGIN
INSERTION POINT

23
Q

Made up of bundles of fibers/cells.
These bundles of fibers lie parallel making the muscle appear ___.
Individual muscle fibers made up of bundle of __ enclosed in series of ___.
Made up of thick filaments of ___ and thin ___.

A

STRUCTURE OF SKELETAL MUSCLE
STRIPED OR STRIATED
MYOFIBRILS=SACROMERES
MYOSIN=ACTIN

24
Q

Muscle contraction
Individual sacromere contracts
Comes primarily from non-protein sources
Glycogen and body fats.

A

SLIDING FILAMENT ACTION
SLIDING MYOSIN FILAMENT AND ACTIN
MUSCLE CONTRACTION (ENERGY USED)
ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE = ATP

GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY (3 decks)

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