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Science > Finals Study Guide > Flashcards

Finals Study Guide Flashcards

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1
Q

Buoyancy is a force that always acts in which direction?

A

Up.

I

I

I

I

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2
Q

Water molecules are what type of molecule?

A

Water molecules are polar molecules.

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3
Q

What side of the water molecule is positively charged?

A

The hydrogen side of the water molecule is positively charged

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4
Q

A substance that weakens the surface tension of water is called what

A

A surfactant

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5
Q

It takes ______ ______to change the temperature of water.

A

It takes a lot of energy to change the temperature of water

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6
Q

Heat that can be read by a thermometer is called ________ heat

A

Heat that can be read by a thermometer is called sensible heat

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7
Q

What is adhesion?

A

Adhesion is when a water molecule sticks to something else that is not a water molecule.

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8
Q

Sofia has two solid cubes made of the same material. One cube is very large, and the other cube is very small. Which statement below is true? How is the density related to the two cubes?

A

The density of the larger cube is the same as the density of the smaller cube.

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9
Q

A log was cut from a tree and put in water. The log floated on its side so that half of the log was above the water surface. Another log was cut from the same tree. This log was twice as a long and twice as wide. How does the larger log float compared with the smaller log?

A

Half of the larger log floats above the water surface. It’s from the same trre, so it has the same density.

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10
Q

Mia and Devon are having a summer party. They need to make two sizes of ice. The large blocks of ice will be put in a cooler to keep cans of soda cold. The small ice cubes will keep the sodas in the glasses cold. They wondered how the temperature at which water freezes is affected by the size. Does the size of the ice cube change the temperature that they freeze?

A

Small ice cubes and large blocks of ice freeze at the same temperature.

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11
Q

Buoyancy is a force that always acts in which direction?

A

Up

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12
Q

Density is defined as…

A

…The amount of mass in a given amount of volume

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13
Q

Loose, granular sugar dissolves much faster than a sugar cube because the loose, granular sugar____________.

A

has a greater surface area

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14
Q

A liquid solution that conducts electricity is a(n) _____________.

A

electrolyte

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15
Q

What is the difference between mass and weight?

A

Mass is the amount of matter an object is made up of and weight is a product of the mass times the force of gravity

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16
Q

According to the Solar Nebular Theory, the planets of the solar system ______.

A

formed from small particles

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17
Q

The Solar Nebular Theory helps explain why

A

the planets are distant from each other
the inner planets are different from the outer planets
the planets orbit the sun

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18
Q

The Solar Nebular Theory helps explain why…

A

…the planets are distant from each other

the inner planets are different from the outer planets

the planets orbit the sun

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19
Q

What type of plate boundary is this?

A

Convergent Plate boundary

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20
Q

What type of divergent plate boundary is this?

A

Transform plate boundary.

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21
Q

Whats the characteristics of a composite volcano?

A

Steep sided volcano made of alternating layers of cinders and lava

usually found along the plate boundaries.

22
Q

Whats the characteristics of a shield volcano?

A

broad and rounded

23
Q

What is the focus and epicenter?

(Think of an epi pen…)

A

Focus: The breaking point where the vibrations originate

Epicenter: Location (on the surface) directly above the focus.

24
Q

Rocks changed from great pressure are what type of rock?

A

Metamorphic Rocks

25
Q

Which classification of rocks are fossils found in?

A

Sedimentary Rocks

26
Q

Why do some igneous rocks appear to be frothy?

A

They were exploded out of a volcano and have many air pockets trapped inside them

27
Q

Why do some igneous rocks appear glassy?

A

They cooled extremely fast, leaving no time for crystals to form

28
Q

What size crystals do igneous rocks have that cooled slowly?

A

Large

29
Q

Why are chemicals like nitrogen and carbon dependent on the water cycle?

A

When water goes through its cycle. It often times carries these and other elements with it.

30
Q

What happens when the right amounts of and acid and base are mixed together?

A

When mixed in the right amounts and acid and a base create a “salt” and a water

its a neutalization reaction

31
Q

What is a combination of “salts”?

A

There are many types of “salts”

A combination of a cationa and an anion

(dont ask me what those mean cause I have no idea :3)

32
Q

Whats and example of and Acid and Base reactions?

A

CaCl2- used for de-icing

KCL- a table salt :) yum

33
Q

defince an acid

A

A substance that reacts w/ metals to hydrogen and oxygen a.ka. hydronioum ions (H3O+) [ions that make acids strong]

34
Q

How do acids taste?

A

Acids taste sour, some are helpful, some are’nt

some are strong… some are not

you catch my drift? Are you picking up

35
Q

What color does Acids turn litmus paper?

A

Turns blue litmus paper red

36
Q

Bases are formed when…

A

Bases are formed when a substance reacts with water

-Produce hydroxide

37
Q

True or False:

Solids, acids and bases and salts dont conduct electricity under perfect conditions (UPC)

A

True

38
Q

Liquids like water and alcohol dont conduct electrivity under perfect conditions

A

yep

39
Q

When an acis, base, salt dissolves in water, atoms dont stay together

A

yep again

40
Q

When atoms unlock they dont stay neutral

A

yep yep yep

41
Q

everything with mass is effected by what force?

A

gravity

42
Q

the force of gravity depends on what 2 things?

A

Mass and how far apart the objects are

43
Q

Define Weight

A

The force of an object due to gravity

44
Q

Weight and mass are ___________to each other

A

Weight and mass are proportional to each other

45
Q

Weight and mass ______ the same thing.

A

weight and mass are not the same thing

46
Q

Which direction does a comet’s tail point?

A

A comet’s tail stretches for miles and points away from the sun

47
Q

How long does it take Haley’s comet to orbit?

A

76 years…last seen in 1986

48
Q

whats the “cast” of the soalr system?

A

Sun- Leading Role

Planets

Moon

Comets

Metoroids

49
Q

What is a mertorid called when it enter the Earth’s atmosphere?

A

Metor (shooting star)

50
Q

What is a meteroid called when it hits the Earth’s surface?

A

Metorite

51
Q

The Earth’s layers are _____and constantly______.

A

The Earth’s layers are dynamic and constantly changing

52
Q

Sensible hest is…

A

When heat is applied the temperature changes but the state of matter doesnt. Can be read by a thermometer

Science (9 decks)

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