FINALS: LAB WASTE MANAGEMENT

Question 1

Includes all the waste that is generated or produced as a result of any of the following activities:
—Diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of human beings or animals
—Research pertaining to the above activities
—Production of testing of biologicals
—Waste originating from minor or scattered sources

Answer 1

healthcare waste

Question 2

Refers to all wastes suspected to contain pathogens or toxins in sufficient amount that may cause disease to a susceptible host.

Answer 2

infectious wastes

Question 3

include used and unused sharps such as hypodermic, intravenous or other needles, infusion sets, scalpels, knives and blades and broken glass.

Answer 3

sharps

Question 4

refers to tissue sections and body fluids derived from biopsies, autopsies or surgical procedures sent to the laboratory for examination

Answer 4

Pathological/anatomic waste

Question 5

include discarded pharmaceutical products, drugs, vaccines, and sera.

Answer 5

pharmaceutical wastes

Question 6

consist of discarded solids, liquid, and gaseous chemicals used in diagnostic and experimental work, as well as cleaning, housekeeping and disinfecting procedures.

Answer 6

chemical wastes

Question 7

T or F
Hazardous chemicals have the following properties: toxic, corrosive, flammable, reactive and oxidizing.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

contain radioactive substances such as unused liquid from radiotherapy

Answer 8

radioactive wastes

Question 9

Refers to wastes that have not been in contact with communicable or infectious agents, hazardous chemicals or radioactive substance and do not pose a hazard.

Answer 9

non-hazardous or general wastes

Question 10

Can be classified as recyclable, biodegradable, non- biodegradable
Ex. Plastic bottles, papers. Scrap wood, food of non-infectious patients

Answer 10

non-hazardous or general wastes

Question 11

T or F
The inadequate handling and disposal of HCW may lead to transmission of infectious diseases.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

T or F

Attention shall be focused on the possible result of unmanaged waste to air, water and soil, including the community.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

T or F
The public is very sensitive about the visual impact of anatomical waste, such as, recognizable body parts and fetus.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990

Answer 14

RA 6969

Question 15

The Code of Sanitation of the Philippines

Answer 15

Presidential Decree No. 856 s 1975

Question 16

Provides Guideline in Hospital Management

Answer 16

DOH DC # 156-C series of 1993

Question 17

Clean Air Act of 1999

Answer 17

— RA 8749

Question 18

Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2001

Answer 18

RA 9003

Question 19

Clean Water Art of 2004

Answer 19

RA 9275

Question 20

Environmental Impact Statement System Law

Answer 20

PD 1586

Question 21

Process of separating different types of waste at the point of generation and keeping them isolated from each other

Answer 21

waste segregation

Question 22

T or F
Hazardous waste should be placed in clearly marked containers that are appropriately labeled for the type and weight of the waste

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Non-infectious dry waste

Answer 23

Black

Question 24

Non-infectious wet waste (kitchen, dietary etc.)

Answer 24

Green

Question 25

Infectious and Pathological waste

Answer 25

Yellow

Question 26

Chemical waste including those w/ heavy metals

Answer 26

Yellow with black band

Question 27

Radioactive waste

Answer 27

Orange

Question 28

Sharps and pressurized containers

Answer 28

Red

Question 29

All healthcare waste should be collected and stored in waste_________area until transported to a designated off-site facility.

Answer 29

Storage

Question 30

_______areas for health care waste should be located within the establishment or research facility.

Answer 30

Storage

Question 31

These areas should be located away from patient rooms, laboratories, hospital function/ operation rooms or any public access areas

Answer 31

Storage

Question 32

The waste in bags or containers should be stored in a separate area, room or building of a size appropriate to the quantities of waste produced and the frequency of collection.

Answer 32

Storage

Question 33

Waste should be collected daily and transported to the designated central storage site or waste transfer station

Answer 33

On-site collection

Question 34

No bags should be removed unless they are labeled with their point of production (hospital ward or department) and contents

Answer 34

On-site collection

Question 35

The bags or containers should be replaced immedately with new ones of the same type.

Answer 35

On-site collection

Question 36

refers to the transport of waste from the point of generation to the treatment facility in the HCF or to the central storage area.

Answer 36

On-site transport

Question 37

T or F On-site transport trolley shall be cleaned and disinfected daily using 4-5% concentration of sodium hypochlorite

Answer 37

True

Question 38

This refers to the collection of waste from the central storage area by an accredited DENR transporter, Municipal Collector or Supplier into their respective vehicles.

Answer 38

Off-site collection

Question 39

Transport of waste from the central storage of the HCF to a TSD or to the final disposal site.

Answer 39

Off-site collection

Question 40

The waste collector at this point will depend on the type of waste collected.

Answer 40

Off-site collection

Question 41

defined as a survival probability of the most resistant microorganism of concern in a given process.

Answer 41

sterilization

Question 42

defined as low, intermediate or high depending on the survival probability of specific microbial groups.

Answer 42

disinfection

Question 43

a process that destroys all viable microbes, including viruses and endospores; microbicidal

Answer 43

sterilization

Question 44

a process to destroy vegetative pathogens, not endospores; inanimate objects

Answer 44

disinfection

Question 45

disinfectants applied directly to exposed body surfaces

Answer 45

antiseptic

Question 46

any cleansing technique that mechanically removes microbes

Answer 46

sanitization

Question 47

1. Autoclaving (steam sterilization) 2. Incineration 3. Thermal inactivation 4. Gas/Vapor Sterilization 5. Chemical Disinfection 6. Sterilization by irradiation (microwave)

Answer 47

Healthcare Waste Treatment Technologies/Processes

Question 48

engineered method designed to keep the waste isolated from the environment.

Answer 48

landfill

Question 49

a disposal method is applicable only to treated infectious waste, sharps waste, pathological and anatomical waste, small quantities of encapsulated/ inertisized solid chemical and pharmaceutical wastes.

Answer 49

safe burial

Question 50

This method is especially suitable for the disposal of used sharps and syringes.

Answer 50

septic / concrete vault

Question 51

1.Waste Generation 2. Waste Segregation 3. Waste Collection 4. Waste Transportation 5. Waste Storage 6. Waste Treatment 7. Waste Disposal

Answer 51

Summary of Healthcare Waste Handling

Question 52

It is a plan developed to address common and specific emergency situations that may arise in the laboratory or facility.

Answer 52

emergency response plan

Question 53

some emergency situations examples:

Answer 53

Fire, Earthquake, Floods/ tsunami, Bomb threat, Power and HVAC, Laboratory accident/ incident, Spills, Trips, misuse, sharps, non-conforming activities, etc.

Question 54

Emergency response: SPILL

Answer 54

Stop what you are doing. Presume you are contaminated. Inform others in the immediate area of the spill. Localize the spilled material(s). Label the area as contaminated.

Question 55

an act or process of containing and/or preventing the expansion of a substance

Answer 55

spill response

Question 56

Reduce extent of risk to human life Prevent material entering sewers or waterways Prevent contaminating surrounding areas Reduce contamination of adjacent chemicals Ensure responders practice A.L.A.R.A. concept

Answer 56

purpose of spill response

Question 57

Inappropriate handling techniques Inappropriate storage containers Damaged storage containers Uncontrolled access to chemical storage Lack of chemical-related training Lack of supervision

Answer 57

cause of spills

Question 58

Minimize traffic in the area Store liquid wastes in secondary containers Regularly inspect containers to ensure their integrity Be aware of evacuation routes and emergency equipment

Answer 58

spill prevention planning