FINALS: LAB WASTE MANAGEMENT Flashcards
Includes all the waste that is generated or produced as a result of any of the following activities:
Diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of human beings or animals
Research pertaining to the above activities
Production of testing of biologicals
Waste originating from minor or scattered sources
healthcare waste
Refers to all wastes suspected to contain pathogens or toxins in sufficient amount that may cause disease to a susceptible host.
infectious wastes
include used and unused sharps such as hypodermic, intravenous or other needles, infusion sets, scalpels, knives and blades and broken glass.
sharps
refers to tissue sections and body fluids derived from biopsies, autopsies or surgical procedures sent to the laboratory for examination
Pathological/anatomic waste
include discarded pharmaceutical products, drugs, vaccines, and sera.
pharmaceutical wastes
consist of discarded solids, liquid, and gaseous chemicals used in diagnostic and experimental work, as well as cleaning, housekeeping and disinfecting procedures.
chemical wastes
T or F
Hazardous chemicals have the following properties: toxic, corrosive, flammable, reactive and oxidizing.
True
contain radioactive substances such as unused liquid from radiotherapy
radioactive wastes
Refers to wastes that have not been in contact with communicable or infectious agents, hazardous chemicals or radioactive substance and do not pose a hazard.
non-hazardous or general wastes
Can be classified as recyclable, biodegradable, non- biodegradable
Ex. Plastic bottles, papers. Scrap wood, food of non-infectious patients
non-hazardous or general wastes
T or F
The inadequate handling and disposal of HCW may lead to transmission of infectious diseases.
True
T or F
Attention shall be focused on the possible result of unmanaged waste to air, water and soil, including the community.
True
T or F
The public is very sensitive about the visual impact of anatomical waste, such as, recognizable body parts and fetus.
True
Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990
RA 6969
The Code of Sanitation of the Philippines
Presidential Decree No. 856 s 1975
Provides Guideline in Hospital Management
DOH DC # 156-C series of 1993
Clean Air Act of 1999
RA 8749
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2001
RA 9003
Clean Water Art of 2004
RA 9275
Environmental Impact Statement System Law
PD 1586
Process of separating different types of waste at the point of generation and keeping them isolated from each other
waste segregation
T or F
Hazardous waste should be placed in clearly marked containers that are appropriately labeled for the type and weight of the waste
True
Non-infectious dry waste
Black
Non-infectious wet waste (kitchen, dietary etc.)
Green
Infectious and Pathological waste
Yellow
Chemical waste including those w/ heavy metals
Yellow with black band
Radioactive waste
Orange
Sharps and pressurized containers
Red
All healthcare waste should be collected and stored in waste_________area until transported to a designated off-site facility.
Storage
_______areas for health care waste should be located within the establishment or research facility.
Storage
These areas should be located away from patient rooms, laboratories, hospital function/ operation rooms or any public access areas
Storage
The waste in bags or containers should be stored in a separate area, room or building of a size appropriate to the quantities of waste produced and the frequency of collection.
Storage
Waste should be collected daily and transported to the designated central storage site or waste transfer station
On-site collection
No bags should be removed unless they are labeled with their point of production (hospital ward or department) and contents
On-site collection
The bags or containers should be replaced immedately with new ones of the same type.
On-site collection
refers to the transport of waste from the point of generation to the treatment facility in the HCF or to the central storage area.
On-site transport
T or F
On-site transport trolley shall be cleaned and disinfected daily using 4-5% concentration of sodium hypochlorite
True
This refers to the collection of waste from the central storage area by an accredited DENR transporter, Municipal Collector or Supplier into their respective vehicles.
Off-site collection
Transport of waste from the central storage of the HCF to a TSD or to the final disposal site.
Off-site collection
The waste collector at this point will depend on the type of waste collected.
Off-site collection
defined as a survival probability of the most resistant microorganism of concern in a given process.
sterilization
defined as low, intermediate or high depending on the survival probability of specific microbial groups.
disinfection
a process that destroys all viable
microbes, including viruses and endospores; microbicidal
sterilization
a process to destroy vegetative pathogens, not endospores; inanimate objects
disinfection
disinfectants applied directly to exposed body surfaces
antiseptic
any cleansing technique that mechanically removes microbes
sanitization
- Autoclaving (steam sterilization)
- Incineration
- Thermal inactivation
- Gas/Vapor Sterilization
- Chemical Disinfection
- Sterilization by irradiation (microwave)
Healthcare Waste Treatment Technologies/Processes
engineered method designed to keep the waste isolated from the environment.
landfill
a disposal method is applicable only to treated infectious waste, sharps waste, pathological and anatomical waste, small quantities of encapsulated/ inertisized solid chemical and pharmaceutical wastes.
safe burial
This method is especially suitable for the disposal of used sharps and syringes.
septic / concrete vault
1.Waste Generation
2. Waste Segregation
3. Waste Collection
4. Waste Transportation
5. Waste Storage
6. Waste Treatment
7. Waste Disposal
Summary of Healthcare Waste Handling
It is a plan developed to address common and specific emergency situations that may arise in the laboratory or facility.
emergency response plan
some emergency situations examples:
Fire, Earthquake, Floods/ tsunami, Bomb threat, Power and HVAC, Laboratory accident/ incident, Spills, Trips, misuse, sharps, non-conforming activities, etc.
Emergency response: SPILL
Stop what you are doing.
Presume you are contaminated.
Inform others in the immediate area of the spill.
Localize the spilled material(s).
Label the area as contaminated.
an act or process of containing and/or preventing the expansion of a substance
spill response
Reduce extent of risk to human life
Prevent material entering sewers or waterways Prevent contaminating surrounding areas
Reduce contamination of adjacent chemicals Ensure responders practice A.L.A.R.A. concept
purpose of spill response
Inappropriate handling techniques Inappropriate storage containers
Damaged storage containers
Uncontrolled access to chemical storage
Lack of chemical-related training
Lack of supervision
cause of spills
Minimize traffic in the area
Store liquid wastes in secondary containers
Regularly inspect containers to ensure their integrity
Be aware of evacuation routes and emergency equipment
spill prevention planning
