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Latin > Finals Grammar > Flashcards

Finals Grammar Flashcards

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1
Q

Imperfect subjunctive

A

Don’t drop anything from the 2nd principal part

Add imperfect active/passive endings

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2
Q

Pluperfect active subjunctive

A 
Drop -I from the 3rd principal part 
Add 
-issem   -issemus
-isses    -issetis
-isset     -isset
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3
Q

Pluperfect passive subjunctive

A 
Use 4th principal part, modify to fit person and number 
Add as a second word 
-essem    -essemus
-esses     -essetis
-esset      -essent
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4
Q

Perfect active subjunctive

A 
3rd principal part 
Drop the i
Add
-erim    -erimus
-eris.    -eritis
-erit      -erint
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5
Q

Perfect passive subjunctive

A 
Use 4th principal part, modify to fit person and number 
As a 2nd word add
-sim    -simus
-sis     -sitis
-sit.     -sint
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6
Q

Optative Subjunctive

A

If the wish can come true, use the present,

If it can’t, use the imperfect, because it’s an imperfect world out there and not all of our wishes can come true :’(

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7
Q

Jussive subjunctive

A

Gives command or suggestion (you should read, let me go!)

2nd and 3rd person (sg or pl)

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8
Q

Hortatory Subjunctive

A

Present subjunctive in 1st person plural

Let’s blank!!!

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9
Q

Singular positive imperative

A

Drop -re from 2nd principal part

Blank!

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10
Q

Positive imperative plural

A

Drop -re from 2nd principal part and add -te

Translate as Blank!

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11
Q

Negative imperative singular

A

Add Noli before the 2nd principal part

Translate as don’t blank

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12
Q

Negative plural imperative

A

Add nolite before the 2nd principal part

Translate as Don’t blank!

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13
Q

Active present participle

A 
Add -ns to 1st/2nd present stem
-ens to 3rd/4th present stem 
-ntis to genitive 
Add 3rd declension endings 
Translate: while (blanking)
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14
Q

Perfect passive participle

A

4th principal part
Change to 1st/2nd declension endings
Translate: having been blanked

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15
Q

Present subjunctive

A

Change endings/drop endings
Add we beat all liars endings
Add present passive/active personal endings
Translate in the active as (blank should verb)
Translate in the passive as (blank should be verbed)

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16
Q

Explanation of participles (in case you were wondering) and why they do NOT have verb endings

A

Participles are verbal nouns. So they do not have a verb ending. On the synopsis, you can choose which of the five cases you want your participle to be in, (example, iubeo, iubere, iussi, iussus in the perfect active would be iussus/iussa/iussum, or the any other five case endings)

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17
Q

Future active participle

A

Take the 4th principal part
Add -ur between the thingies
Add 1st/2nd endings (remember, feminine, masculine, or neuter, depending the the subject, on the synopsis, I would recommend listing out both m and f )
Translates: about to blank

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18
Q

Future passive participle

A

Add -ndus to 1st/2nd present stem
Add -endus to 3rd/4th present stem
Add 1st/2nd declension endings
Translates: to be blank

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19
Q

Present active infinitive

A

2nd principal part

Translates: to blank

20
Q

Present passive infinitive

A 
2nd principal part
Drop the -e
Add -i to the end 
in 3rd declension take off the whole -ere and add -i, otherwise just take off the -e at the end of the 2nd principal part 
Translates: to be blanked
21
Q

Perfect active infinitive

A

3rd principal part
Drop the -i
Add -isse
Translates: to have blanked

22
Q

Perfect passive infinitive

A

4th principal part
Add esse to the end
Translates: to have been blanked

23
Q

Future active infinitive

A

4th principal part
Add -ur between the thingies
Translates:to be about to wear

24
Q

Present Active Indicative

A 
1st/2nd    3rd/4th
-o.            -o
-s.            -is
-t.            -it
-mus.       -imus
-tis.          -itis 
-nt.          -unt 
Am/are/is blanking
25
Q

Imperfect active Indicative

A 
1st/2nd   (3rd and 4th)
-(e)bam
-(e)bas
-(e)bat
-(e)bamus 
-(e)batis 
-(e)bant
Was blanking
26
Q

Future Active Indicative

A 
1st/2nd     3rd/4th 
-bo.           -am
-bis.           -es
-bit.           -et
-bimus.     -emus
-bitis         -etis
-bunt        -ent 
Will blank
27
Q

Perfect active indicative

A 
Drop the -i from the 3rd principal part 
Add
-i
-isti
-it
-imus
-istis
-erunt 
did, have, has, blanked
28
Q

Pluperfect Active Indicative

A 
Drop -i from 3rd principal part
Add
-eram
-eras
-erat
-eramus
-eratis
-erant 
Had blank
29
Q

Subjunctive of sum, esse, fui

A
  • sem
  • ses
  • set
  • semus
  • setus
  • sent
30
Q

Future perfect active indicative

A 
Drop -i from the 3rd principal part 
Add 
-ero
-eris
-erit
-erimus
-eritis 
-erint 
Will have blanked
31
Q

Present Passive Indicative

A 
1st/2nd.    3rd/4th
-or            -or
-ris.          -eris
-tur.         -itur
-mur.        -imur
-mini.        -imini
-ntur         -untur 
Am/are/is being blanked
32
Q

Imperfect Passive Indicative

A 
1st/2nd.   (3rd/4th)
-(e)bar 
-(e)baris 
-(e)batur
-(e)bamur
-(e)bamini
-(e)bantur
Was being blanked
33
Q

Future Passive Indicative

A 
1st/2nd.      3rd/4th 
-bor.          -ar
-beris.       -eris
-bitur.        -etur
-bimur.      -emur
-bimini.     -emini
-buntur.    -entur
Will be blanked
34
Q

Perfect Passive Indicative

A 
4th principal part
As a second word add
Sum 
Es
Est
Sumus
Estis 
Sunt 
To have been blanked
35
Q

Pluperfect Passive Indicative

A 
Use 4th principal part
As a second word add 
Eram
Eras
Erat
Eramus
Eratis
Erant 
Had been blanked
36
Q

Future perfect Passive Indicative

A 
4th principal part 
Add 
-ero
-eris
-erit
-erimus
-eritis
-erant
37
Q

Gerundives and gerunds

A

Future passive participle
Used as an adjectives
Noun that is modified follows right after usually or precedes it

38
Q

1st declension

A

1st F:

  • a
  • ae
  • ae
  • am
  • a
  • a
  • arum
  • is
  • as
  • is
39
Q

2nd declension M

A

2nd M:

  • us
  • i
  • o
  • um
  • o
  • i
  • orum
  • is
  • os
  • is
40
Q

2nd declension N

A

2nd N:

  • um
  • i
  • o
  • um
  • o
  • a
  • orum
  • is
  • a
  • is
41
Q

3rd M/F

A

3rd M/F:

  • various
  • is
  • i
  • em
  • e
  • es
  • um
  • ibus
  • es
  • ibus
42
Q

3rd N

A

3rd N:

  • various
  • is
  • i
  • various
  • e
  • a
  • um
  • ibus
  • a
  • ibus
43
Q

4th M/F

A

4th M/F:

  • us
  • us
  • ui
  • um
  • u
  • us
  • uum
  • ibus
  • us
  • ibus
44
Q

4th N

A

4th N:

  • u
  • us
  • u
  • u
  • u
  • ua
  • uum
  • ubus
  • ua
  • ubus
45
Q

5th M/F

A

5th M/F:

  • es
  • ei
  • ei
  • em
  • e
  • es
  • erum
  • ebus
  • es
  • ebus

Latin (28 decks)

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