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Dispensing LEC > (Finals) Extemporaneous Compounding > Flashcards

(Finals) Extemporaneous Compounding Flashcards

1
Q

is the preparation of a therapeutic product for an individual patient in response to identified need.

A

Extemporaneous compounding

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2
Q

Practical way to have medicine supplied when
there is no other option.

A

Extemporaneous compounding

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3
Q

Uses of Extemporaneous compounding

A

● Patients with dysphagia
● Appropriate dose or dosage form is not
commercially available
● Patients require individualized dose
● Medicines must be delivered via nasogastric
or gastronomy tubes

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4
Q

Classification of Extemporaneous Compounding

A
  • SimpleCompounding
  • Complex Compounding
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5
Q

All pharmacists have training during their
undergraduate degree to prepare these
products

A

Simple Compounding

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6
Q

Involves well established preparations
published in reputable literature

A

Simple Compounding

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7
Q

Formula for which some data are available

A

Simple Compounding

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8
Q

Quality, stability, safety, efficacy, and rational
design

A

Simple Compounding

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9
Q

topical ointments, eye drops, solid or liquid oral dosage forms, and intravenous infusions.

A

examples of Simple Compounding

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10
Q

Pharmacists require further post-graduate
training

A

Complex Compounding

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11
Q

With self-assessment of relevant
competencies and documentations of
specific competencies in a continuing
professional development plan

A

Complex Compounding

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12
Q

● Parenteral
● Ingredients with safety hazards
● Small unit micro-dose
● Modified-release DF
● Ophthalmic preparations

A

Examples of Complex Compounding

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13
Q

Requirements of Extemporaneous Compounding

A
  • Personnel
  • Drug Outlet
  • Equipment/Apparatus
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14
Q

● Community pharmacy
● Hospital pharmacy

A

Drug Outlet

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15
Q

● Pharmacists with competencies
● Pharmacy technicians

A

Personnel

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16
Q

Equipment/Apparatus

A
  • Simple
  • Complex
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17
Q

● Laboratory table
● Bench top
● Chemical fume hood
● Measuring equipment
● Appropriate apparatus

A

Simple Equipment/Apparatus

18
Q

● Clean room / Positive pressure room
● Allocated clean bench / laminar flow hood
● High efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter
● Biosafety Cabinet
● Isolators

A

Complex Equipment/Apparatus

19
Q

Performing Extemporaneous Compounding

A
  • Ingredients
  • Chemical Grades
  • Formula
  • Stability
  • Sterility
  • Different Methods of Decontamination
20
Q
  • Active
  • Excipients
A

Ingredients

21
Q

● Commercially available pure ingredient
● Crushed tablet or capsule content

A

Active

22
Q

Reagent or food-grade

A

Commercially available ingredients

22
Q

● Commercially available ingredients
● Institutionally-sourced

A

Excipients

22
Q
  • Presence of excipients
  • Dependent of the AI’s
    physicochemical properties
A

Crushed tablet or capsule content

23
Q
  • E.g. water
  • Needs testing
A

Institutionally-sourced

24
Q

Chemical Grades

A
  • American Chemistry Society (ACS)/ Analytical Reagent Grade
  • USP Grade/ NF Grade
  • Commercially available materials
  • Food grade
  • Laboratory grade
  • Purified grade
  • Technical Grade
25
Q

● > 95% purity
● Can be used for any function

A

American Chemistry Society (ACS)/ Analytical Reagent Grade

26
Q

● Follows the standards of USP-NF
● Food, drug, medicinal use, and cosmetics
● Always checked prior to performing
procedures

A

USP Grade/ NF Grade

27
Q
  • Standard
  • Institutional compendium
A

Formula

28
Q

● Preferable
● Stability information may be available
● Available in many references

A

Standard

29
Q

● Created by the pharmacy

A

Institutional compendium

30
Q

Factors to consider in Sterility

A

● Patient
● Type of DF
● Microorganisms
● Facility

30
Q
A
30
Q

Different Methods of Decontamination

A

● Filtration
● Radiation
● Thermal
● Chemical

31
Q

● Dependent on physicochemical properties
● Check for physical and chemical
incompatibilities

A

Stability

32
Q

Type of DF

A
  • Ophthalmic, otic
  • Parenteral
  • Oral preparation
33
Q

Methods to Ensure sterility

A

● Use of preservatives
● Refrigeration
● Disinfection
● Use of aseptic techniques
● Immediate use of preparation

34
Q
A
35
Q
A
35
Q
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36
Q
A

Dispensing LEC (9 decks)

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